Oneida (Macro-Siouan, Iroquoian)

Mismatch: morphosyntax: number


The 'dualic' prefix te- is used (among other contexts) in verbs in conjunction with a dual pronominal prefix:

te‑hni‑yahs‑eʔ
DU3DU‑couple‑STATIVE
'two of them'
(Abbot 2000: 18)

But many verbs require te- no matter what the pronominal prefix is; some describe actions involving arms or legs ('run', 'jump', 'travel', 'swing', 'wave', 'pinch'), but others do not ('yell', 'comb hair', 'smash', 'clean up', 'sweat'):

te‑ho‑ateʔtunkwal‑ʔ
DU3SG‑sweat‑STATIVE
'he is seating'
(Abbot 2000: 39)

Note, however, that in Lounsbury's (1953: 48-9) description, the various functions of the dualic seem all to be semantically related, and are broadly classifiable under the rubric of verbal number: (i) denoting two items, (ii) dual agreement, (iii) change of state (i.e. between two states), (iv) iteration, (v) multiplication of parts or actions.


References

Abbot, Clifford. 2000. Oneida. Munich: Lincom.

Lounsbury, Floyd. 1953. Oneida verb morphology. New Haven: Yale University Press.