Northwest Solomonic
V4.1
SILCode | Language | PhonemicForm | broadPhoneticForm | OrthographicFo | POS | EnglishTranslation | TokPisinTr | Notes | Source | Example | |
TTU | Torau | -a | a | 3SG.OBJ | [a’loa [‘…hat ihn gemacht’; a’loina [‘hat es ihm gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a- | a | causative | [ha RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a- | a | POSS | (indirect possessive base) | [ha RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | a~ani | a~ani | Vitr | be eating | irregular reduplicated form of Vitr aniani 'eat'. See aniani, ana | |||||
TTU | Torau | aa | aa | Exclam. | what?, oh! | (rising intonation) | |||||
TTU | Torau | aa | aa | yes | (falling intonation) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-abaisa | aabaisa | young women | [‘junges Weib’ (pl) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aadi | áadi | k.o. banana, for cooking and eating, short | (definitely 2 x a) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aado | aado | Vtr | chop | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aadoa ~ aadodia | áadoa ~ aadodia | chop, chop down | (see atuna) | [‘hauen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | aakalo | aakalo | Vitr, Vtr | stop, stop s.o. or s.th. | Magu aakalo. 'I stopped.' Kara magu aakalo-a. 'I stopped the car.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | aakalo | aakalo | Vitr | be strong | * kalo. see kaakalo | |||||
TTU | Torau | aala | aala | men | erua aala ‘two men’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aa-la | áala | older brother (male or female speaking), fathers brothers son, mothers sisters son (male speaking), husbands brother | (minimal pair length with álaa) | (see asigu) (only AS gives ‘younger sister’) (applies to twins) | [a’agu [‘mein älterer Bruder’ RS] [Cms] [‘older brother’, ‘older sister’ AS] | kòkoleu ála /kòkolewála/ ‘rooster’ | |||
TTU | Torau | a-a-la | aála | older brothers/sisters (either sex speaking) | [aaagu ‘meine älteren Brüder’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-alo-a | aaloa | do it, make it | (redup. form in present construction) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aamus-i | aamusi | dry s.th. | inau ma aamusiau ‘dry me’; aamusia ‘dry it’; aamusimu ‘dry you (pl.)’; aamusida ‘dry us (incl.)’; aamusimani ‘dry us (excl.)’; aamusidia ‘dry things belonging to them (OBJ v POSS) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aamusu | aàmúsu | dry s.th. | mágu aàmúsudía patálo; or patálo magu aamusudia; aàmúsudía ‘dry them’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aan-au | aanau | Vtr | eat me | irregular form of Vtr ana 'eat' | |||||
aani | a~ani | Vitr | be eating' | irregular reduplicated form of Vitr aniani 'eat'. See aniani, ana | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aan-o | aano | Vtr | eat you | irregular form of Vtr ana 'eat' | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-aos-ia | aaosia | make sick | [haosia ‘krank gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aapagi | áapagi | find out about s.th. | (aapagi, *apagi) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-apo-la | aapola | relatives, clansmen, friends | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aaraka | áaraka | roast on fire | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aasora | áasòra | Vitr | be painful, be loud | tuagu ma aasora 'my arm is painful' di era aasora 'They sang loudly.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | aa-tia ~ aatodia | áatia ~ aatodia | make a fire, light (fire), cremate | RP says this should be aatia. | [aitia ‘befruchten’ RS] [‘anzünden’ RS] | uda a-tia ‘make fire’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | aato | aato | talk | (see atoato) | inau kalo aato 'I'll come and talk to you.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | aatoka | áatoka | Vitr | cook | (must have aa) | [atoga M] | ||||
TTU | Torau | a-atuna | aatuna | make hit | (couldn’t get this from Mauku) | [haatuna [‘bin schuld, daβ geschlagen wurde’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | abaana | abaana | stay behind, stay back | ma abana ‘Hem stap back’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | abaisa | abáisa | young woman, young girl, 12yrs upwards until married, puberty onwards (having period) | (see podoauru) | [‘young’ M] [‘junges Weib’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | abani ~ abanidia | abáni ~ abanidia | go back, return, replace | (not 'descend') | [ma lao abanima [‘he comes back’ AS] | ma lao abani ‘go back’; ma abani ‘replace’; magu abani ‘I replaced it’; magu abanidia ‘I replaced them’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | abau | abáu | k.o. banana, for cooking, introduced from PNG | |||||||
TTU | Torau | abauru | abáuru | complain (only if someone doesnt give you something) | [ha’bauru [‘sich beklagen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | abe | ábe | climb up, enter house | (*abeuo) (see abee) | [‘eintreten, klettern, steigen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | abe | ábe | net for fishing | [‘Netz’ ([‘a’ has short vowel diacritic) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | abee | abee | climb | (see abe 'climb up') | ||||||
TTU | Torau | abesae | abesae | go up into s.th.(house, canoe, truck, etc., or tree, ladder) | dipa abesae | ||||||
TTU | Torau | abini | ábini | LOC, N | down, downward underneath, bottom of s.th. | [abiniai’downwards’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-da | ada | our two (inclusive) | [ni-da ada taninarua [‘we two (exclusive)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-da erua | ada erua | we two, us two | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ada~adapa | áda~ádapa | put in (basket, bucket, bag) | (put plant, s.th. inside) (definitely RD) | OL173A | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-da-na | adana | our two (inclusive) (sg) | [ni-da ada taninarua [‘we two (exclusive)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | adapa | adapa | put s.th. Inside | |||||||
TTU | Torau | a-di | ádi | their (pl) | [‘ihre’ RS] [io a-di tani-na-rua [‘they two, them two’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | adi-adiutala | adiadiutala | N | hard-work in garden, one for hard work in garden | (na adiadiutala,; *ma adiadiutala, not V, not adiadiuta-la (-la not suffix), *adiadiutadia) | [‘fleissig’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | a-di-na | ádina | their (sg) | [‘ihr’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | adiutala | adiutála | V | work in garden | [adiútala [‘arbeiten’ RS] | magu adiutala ‘I’m going to work in my garden’ | ||||
ado ~ adoa ~ adodia | aado ~ áadoa ~ aadodia | Vtr ~ Vitr | ‘chop, chop down’ | (see atuna) | [‘hauen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | adoado | adoado | treasure box, structure in the house for putting treasured items in the old days | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ae | ae | be | (personal article or copula only used with predicative PNs) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aebiu | aebiu | grandchild | (it's aibiuna) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-eko-a ~ a-eko-dia | aekoa ~ aekodia | Vtr | make s.o. sleep, put baby down | (see maeko) | [eiko [‘lie (down)’ M] | ||||
TTU | Torau | ae-nima-la | aenimala | fifth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ae-pisa-la | aepisala | third | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ae-rua-la | aeruála | second | (alternate pronunciation for aruala) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ae-βat-ina | aeβatina | fourth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aga | ága | from nearby | (see iga=from far away) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | agara | ágara | k.o. fishing involving going about with small nets putting over places where there are fish | au àgará-la ‘root of tree’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | agara | ágara | crawl | [‘kriechen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | agara ~ agara-la | ágara ~ agárala | root | (see lamutu) | [AH] [‘tree root’ M] [RS] [‘root (of tree)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-gau-a | agaua | light s.th. | (see gáu) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ageagenua | ageagenua | shake (coconut) | [AS] | ||||||
agisae | ‘nearby’ | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | agisi ~ agisi-na ~ agisi-dia | agisi ~ àgisína ~ agisidia | be near; near | def. V but with suffixes ?ADJ | [M] | magu agisi *magu agisina; iioena ruma na agisina ‘His house is nearby’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | ago | ago | ADV | just now, referring to events that have just taken place or are just about to take place, nowish | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ago soro-la | ago sórola | now, just now | [ágosoròla [‘Heute’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-gu | águ | my (pl) | [‘meine’ agu tuagu [‘meine Hände’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-gu-na | agúna | my (sg) | [‘mein’ RS] [AS] | e ina aguna buku ‘this is my book’; aguna kakadeke ‘a story I tell’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | ai | ai | ADV | initially | festaem | postverbal verb complex internal ADV | ||||
TTU | Torau | -ai | ai | 3SGO | (occurs with VCB. Actually for any OBJ?) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -ai ~ -i | ai ~ i | LOC | at, in, on etc. | (-i / a__; -ai elsewhere) | [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | aia | aia | Exclam. | let me have a look, let me see | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aiaini | áiáini | same as ágara in younger peoples Torau | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aibiu(-na) | aibiu ~ áibiúna | grandchild, sons wife | (includes ‘son or daughter’s child (male or female speaking), son’s wife (male or female speaking)’) ( PL = aaibiu-gu) (see aebiu) | [Cms] [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | aika | aika | V | be not | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aikala | áikala | V | no, not do, be not | nogat | [AH] | ||||
TTU | Torau | aine-la | áinela | mothers sisters daughter (male speaking), wifes sister, younger sister (male or female speaking), older sister of a male, fathers brothers daughter | (see ama, roa-gu) (cross sibling – brother if of woman, sister if of man) | [AH] [aine-gu [‘sister’ M] [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | aini | aini | fish hook | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aisa | aisa | Exclam. | alright | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aiti-a ~ aiti-dia | aitia ~ aitidia | have sex with s.o. | (Joe didn’t accept any plural object form, just two clauses with SGOBJ – if sequential events. But accepted aitidia if with 2 women simultaneously) | inau io magu aitia | |||||
TTU | Torau | aituna | aituna | seventh | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aka | aka | not | (in pres. constructions) | [aka aa’loa ai [‘sangu [‘I am not doing it’ RS] [akalalau [‘go not’, akalalauma [‘come not’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-kakata-i-a ~ a-kakata-dia | akakatáia ~ akákatadía | whiten make white | (see kakata) (stress correct) | [pa’a-kakata-i-a AS] | pa a-kakata-ia | ||||
TTU | Torau | akalo | akalo | Vtr | stop | (see kalo) | PMV magu taea are ma akalo 'I flagged down a PMV and it stopped.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | akaputia ~ akaputudia | akáputía ~ akaputudia | blow out (flame), turn off torch, lamp, switch off light | [‘haka’putia [‘ausblasen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | akiaki | akiaki | behave strangely or inappropriately | (Mauku translated example sentence as ‘she was cross’, but told me in effect that akiaki means ‘talk in an abnormal way, such as whispering or crossly or s.th.’) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | akiti | akiti | V | go slowly | (see line 35 of Komakomasa Enelela translation) | |||||
TTU | Torau | akiti | ákiti | ?ADV | actually | def. initial primary stress | |||||
TTU | Torau | akomala | akomala | CONJ | until | babaraala dipálo sikulu ako mala fraede 'The children will go to school until Friday' | |||||
TTU | Torau | akonoraia ~ akonoradia | ákonoraia ~ ákonoradia | V | boil | (written in same entry as akoronia/akoronadia - CHECK) (maybe 2 a's) | |||||
TTU | Torau | akonoria | akónoria | (coconut shell) ignites to transfer fire | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ala | ala | place (N) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | alaa | álaa | man, male, boy | (minimal pair length with áala) | [ála [‘man’ M] [‘older brother of a male’ AH] [a’laha [‘männlich’ RS] [ála [‘man’ AS] [alaa [‘boy’ AS] | idai ala ‘one man’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | alaa gesi | álaa gési | big man | [agunalages [‘chief’ M] | a-gu-na ala-geesi ‘my big chief, my paramount chief’; ine bario adina tio geesi ‘you are a big man/chief of Bario clan’; kokoito isina Chris bario adi anua gegeesi ‘Kokoito and Chris are chiefs of Bario’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | alaa-la | aláala | husband, sisters husband | (see roa-gu) | [AS] [alá-la M] [alá-la Cms] | alaa-la ‘her husband’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | alabilu | alabilu | cassava pudding (a food of dough of mashed cassava with coconut cream spread on top) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | a-lao-a-la ~ alaodiala | alaoala ~ alaodiala | pass s.th. on | |||||||
TTU | Torau | alasa | alasa | ADV | travel in an unhurried way (on sea only) | (*ma alasa, *ma sobii alasa) (definitely not V) | ma ose alasa 'paddle in an unhurried way' | ||||
TTU | Torau | alata | álata | Vtr | send | ||||||
TTU | Torau | alatia ~alatadia | alátia ~alatadia | V | send s.o. or s.th. | [‘befehlen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ale | ale | current in the sea, tide, flow of river | di laisae ‘they went up’; *ma laisae | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ale | ale | garden house | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ale | ále | centipede (poisonous) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aleale | aleale | flotsam, drifting stuff | |||||||
TTU | Torau | alena | aléna | V | flow, float, drift | ||||||
TTU | Torau | alo bela | alo bela | V+ADV | hurry, be quick (lit. do quickly) | [M] [alobelamaAS] | magu alobela; mu alobela ‘You hurry up!’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | alo-a ~ alo-dia | áloa ~ alodia | do it, make it | [magualoa M] [aloa [‘gemacht’; aaloa ai sangu [‘I am doing it.’ RS] [halo 'Gebrauch, Sitte' RS] | magu alo-a | |||||
TTU | Torau | alo-boko-in-a | alobokoina | Vtr | take off (clothes, lid, etc.) | not semantically compositional - lexicalised (boko ina = throw away) | |||||
TTU | Torau | alola | alola | how to do s.th. Is like this | "alolai = 'that's why'" RP alo-la do-NOM |
pisu alola e umado 'I make pisu like this' | |||||
TTU | Torau | alotu | álotu | N | sea snake - black sometimes with spots looks like trout markings, eel – grey brown with black spots | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ama | ama | older sister (male or female speaking), fathers brothers daughter, mothers sisters daughter (male speaking) | (see ainegu) (Joe and Mauku no save – check) (Cyril nogat) | [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ama | ama | hammer | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ama | ama | reconcile with someone by chewing two halves of the same betel nut or mustard | (see ariama) | magu amadia 'I have reconciled with them' | |||||
TTU | Torau | amaamalo | amaamalo | V | thinking | tingting | magu amaamalo ‘I’m thinking’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | amaamalo | amaamalo | N | thought | idai amaamalo ‘one thought’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | amairia ~ amairedia | amáiria ~ amairedia | make angry | [‘zornig machen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | amaloa ~ amalodia | amaloa ~ amalodia | think, think about s.o. | magu amaloa ‘I think about him’; magu amalodia | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-ma-na | ámana | our (sg) | [‘unser’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-mani | ámani | our (pl) | [‘unsere’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | amata | ámata | village | [ha’mata [‘Platz, Dorf’ RS] [AS] | ena amata na katoka ‘This village is clean’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | amata geesi | ámata géesi | Torau name for Rorovana 1 (lit. big village) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | amatate | amatate | emerge (vitr) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | a-mate-a | àmatea | kill | [AH] [ha’matea [‘töten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | amatia ~ amatadia | amatia ~ amatadia | wake s.o. | (magu amatia) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-maus-ia ~ amausudia | amáusia ~ amausudia | make sleep | [ha’mausia [‘habe Schlaf gemacht (eingeschläfert)’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ameala (~ amela) | ameala (~ amela) | PURP | used if not mentioning name who does something something people generally say | olsem | (amela = reduced version of ameala) | amealalaso[‘zahm’ RS] | |||
TTU | Torau | amini | amini | ?? RLTR | kakána amini Rorovana ‘the beach of Rorovana’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aminibau | aminibau | period (menstruation) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | amoamorea | amoamorea | erase (vtr), as footprints in sand washed by sea, or pencil on paper with eraser | |||||||
TTU | Torau | amorea | amórea | Vitr, Vtr | not know, be confused, be unsure; not know s.th., be confused about s.th., be unsure of s.th. | [‘vergessen, nicht mehr wissen’ RS] | enala ma amorea 'I don't know his name' | ||||
TTU | Torau | a-mu | ámu | your two your (pl) (pl) | [‘you two’ AH] [ni-mu a-mu tani-na-rua [‘you two’ AS] [‘eure’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-mu-na | ámuna | your (pl) (sg) | [‘euer’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | amusia | amúsia | wipe, to clean or dry, etc. | (not seemingly a-musi-a) | [‘abwischen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | an | an | Vtr | eat | (CHECK CORRECT FORM, xrf AS8) | Tioni golo aanaisala. ’The (a?) man is eating a banana.’ (must be RD: *Tioni golo anaisala) | ||||
TTU | Torau | an-a ~ an-idia | ána ~ anidia | Vtr | eat | (see aniani, aani) | [‘aani AH] [‘essen, trinken, essen (trans.)’, [‘brennen, beissen, verzehren’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | anaola | ànaóla | wake s.o., disturb s.o.s sleep | (see naola) | [halaola [‘Im Schlaf stören’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ani | áni | sharp | [RS] [AS] | naepe ma ani ‘The knife is sharp’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | ani-a-mate-a | aniamatea | VTR | eat to death | KE208 | |||||
TTU | Torau | aniana | ániána | onion | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aniani | ániáni | Vitr | eat | Not synchronically RD - no *ani. See aani, ana. | [‘eat’ M] [‘Speise’ RS] [‘eat’ AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | aniani | ániáni | N | food | nasua anianina 'man bilong kaekae' | |||||
TTU | Torau | ani-ani-na | anianina | meat (of coconut), fruit of s.th. | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ani-a-soma-ia ~ani-a-soma-dia | aniasomaia ~aniasomadia | V | finish eating | Manipa aniasomaia. 'We finish eating it.' CAN044 | |||||
TTU | Torau | anu | ánu | eight | [M] [RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | anua | ánua | people, someone | (plural only, see tioni=sg) | [‘person’ AH] [ha’nua [‘Menschen’ [‘hanua [‘Mann, jemand’, [‘Leute’ RS] anúai [‘sie’ RS] | erua anua ‘two people’; | ||||
TTU | Torau | anuna | anuna | eighth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | anusa | ánusa | island | [RS] [anussa RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aoa | aoa | Vtr | smell s.th. | [haola [‘riechen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | aoa atoro | aóa atoro | smell good | [ha’olaatoro [‘es riecht gut’ RS] | magu aoa na atorola (*atora here) | |||||
TTU | Torau | aoao | aoao | crow sp. (Bougainville crow) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-odor-ia ~ aodorodia | aodoria ~ aodorodia | believe (lit. make-true) | [haodoria [‘glauben’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aolaia ~ aoladia | aolaia ~ aoladia | pull in a hooked fish | (see ola) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aolomola | aolomola | sixth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | a-onu-a ~ aonudia | aonua ~ aonudia | fill | [hahonua [‘füllen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aoso | áoso | be sick, be unwell | [‘haoso, aoso Krank RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | apala | apala | branch of tree | [M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-palai-a | apalaia | make tie | [hapalaina [‘habe binden (festnehmen) lassen, schuld daβ gebunden wurde’ RS] | ||||||
apama | ?? | (archaic word, in song from Sugiaiworo story) | |||||||||
TTU | Torau | apara | ápara | hit head or face | aparini kakanai 'I think they are at the beach' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aparani | aparani | its there | long hap | ||||||
TTU | Torau | apeadu ~ apeadu | apéadu ~ àpeádu | k.o. tree and fruit | |||||||
TTU | Torau | apo | apo | large lizard species large lizard in bush | |||||||
TTU | Torau | apo | apo | wantok | (not without POSS) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-podo-a | apódoa | give birth to | [hapodoa [‘verursachen’ a’podoa [‘gebären’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | apo-la | apóla | friend | (cannot occur without possessor indexing) | [‘friend’ M] [‘Freund, Totemmitglied’, [‘mein Freund’ RS] [aapogu [‘General denomination for relatives’ Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | apu | apu | ?? | Are sama-sama ma raeelala episa sanaa waini modela aewatina apu. 'This rod must be three and a half meters long.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-pusak-ia ~ apusaka-dia | apusakia ~ apusakadia | soften make soft | (see pusaka) | [pa’a-pusak-i-a AS] | pa a-pusak-ia | ||||
TTU | Torau | arakau | àrakáu | PNLOC | the body swamp water at mouth of ketapia river, including lagoon, mangroves and mouth of river | (in the mountains the Ketapia river is called Pinei) | |||||
TTU | Torau | ara-la | árala | shoulder | [AH] [ahara-gu M] [AS] | aragu ma asora 'My shoulder is painful.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | arapa ~ arap-ia | arapa | Vitr; Vtr | across go across carry across | (magu ose arapa only to Rorovana 2, because you cross the river, not to Arawa (too far) or even around the point to the canoe park or to Vito) ; (see barata) | ma pasa arapa ‘swim across’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | aratai | àratái ~ áratài | woven fan, used in dance, also k.o. plant - the big fan plant like at Buka police station, fan made from that plant | biruka | (TP term is from Nasioi, so may not be standard TP) | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-raus-ia | aráusia | finish s.th. | [‘beendigen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | araβa | aráβa | PN | arawa na asaunala | ||||||
TTU | Torau | araβini | araβini | cyclone | aramini[‘Blitz’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | are | are | and | PMV magu taea are ma akalo 'I flagged down a PMV and it stopped.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aredoisa | aredóisa | when? | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aresa | aresa | yes | |||||||
TTU | Torau | Areβina | Areβina | PNLOC | Arevina | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ari- | ári | reciprocal, reflexive | (preposed particle, occurs in reciprocal and reflexive constructions) | [‘mani [‘ari [‘daki [‘wir sind uns begegnet’ ti’bola ma ari tuga [‘er liebt sich selbst’ RS] | aritiro ‘look at self (in mirror, shadow, etc.)’; mato aritiro ela ‘he was looking at himself’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | aria | aria | HORT INCPL | ("Let's" same as Kokota) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ariaiti | ariaiti | have sex together | |||||||
TTU | Torau | arialami | arialami | sorry, as in “I feel sorry for s.o.” | (no *alami, so not ari-alami) | [Pira] | màriálami 'he makes me feel sorry for him' di ariálami 'they…' |
||||
TTU | Torau | arialoni | arialoni | make a lot of noise | [‘voice’ AS] | tibola ma arialoni | |||||
TTU | Torau | ariama | ariama | reconcile with each other | (see ama) | dapa ariama 'We are reconciling.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | ariariaiti | ariariaiti | man/woman who has sex | solusolu odela ‘man hem skinim kok’ na ariariaiti ‘man/woman who has sex’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ari-arita | ariarita | distribute, divide up (food, clothes, anything) | (see ita) | [AS] | ma ariarita 'distribute' | ||||
TTU | Torau | ariati | ariati | N | cremation | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ariautupi | ariautupi | N | sea burial | (Torau now bury their dead. Pre-Christian body disposal involved cremation, then ashes and bones put in unu with stones to weight it and taken out to see, then prayers made to turábana (Sisivala). He appears in depths, looks a bit like a shark. This signals they should release the remains. Each clan has its own area of the sea for sea burials.) (see autupia ~ dutupidia) (see virakeru) | |||||
TTU | Torau | ari-mosoki | arimosoki | kiss | ena baina/ala na karonau ‘She/He is a woman/man who likes sex’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aripaini | aripaini | shirt | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ari-pekoi | aripekoi | like each other | ma mosokia ‘he kissed her’; ema mosokodia ‘he kissed them’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aripiri | aripiri | change clothes | (see ipiri) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aripukaina | aripukaina | tie (a knot) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ariru | áriru | N | clothing | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ari-ruina | ariruina | put on clothes (lit. reciprocal wrap) | [ari páianu [‘Kleid anziehen’ RS (is the –nu meant to be –gu???)] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ari-rurukata | arirurúkata | take off clothes (lit. reciprocal loosen/untie) | [ari rúkata [‘Kleid ausziehen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | arisa | arisa | day after tomorrow | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ari-saarai | àrisáarai | V | be the same | *saarai | [ari sarái [‘gleich gross’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | arisai | arisai | so what! | |||||||
TTU | Torau | arisao | arisao | Vitr | gather, assemble (of people, dogs, anything) | [AS] | anua di arisao; idai arisai ‘gather once’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | a-roa~roa-ia | aroa~roaia | misspend, misuse, fritter away also man and woman go long bush | paulim | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-roa-ia ~ a-roa-idia | aroaia ~ aroaidia | lose s.th. | (written as aroae-a in 2007 notebook) | magu aroae-a aguna kamera 'I lost my camera.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | aroaroia | aróaroia | go fast, speed | [‘hoffen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | arorea | arórea | announce, bring news | [‘verkündigen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aru | aru | k.o. tree with red dye seeds | aruaruai ‘at the aru trees’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | Aru | Aru | Alu (place in Shortland Islands) | (“We used to say alu but now we say aru” Mauku) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aru- | aru | always | (see arua) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | arua | arua | always | (see aru-) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aruaiau | aruaiau | come with me | |||||||
TTU | Torau | aruala | aruala | second | (see aeruála) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aruala | aruala | companion in travel or going for a walk | (only SG possessor because meanssole companion) | his mate [RP] | |||||
TTU | Torau | aruaru | aruaru | wash s.th. off s.th. in the sea (e.g. nappies (most common use)) | [‘schwach’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asa | asa | just (limiter) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | asa | asa | upward | (see asai) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asa | asa | Vitr | flee | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -asa | asa | exactly | episasa ‘exactly three’, idaiasa ‘exactly one’, nimaasa ‘exactly five’, siaasa ‘exactly nine’, saunuasa ‘exactly twenty’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asaau | asáau | Vitr | jump down | (see asau) | |||||
TTU | Torau | asabara | ásabára | through passage (?) | ose ásabára ‘paddle from the sea into the lagoon or vice versa’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asag-ia ~ asaga-dia | asagia ~ asagadia | dry skin, body | |||||||
TTU | Torau | asai | asai | upwards, top | antap | (see asa) | [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | asama | ásama | V, Vtr | tie | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asama | ásama | N | rope | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asana | asana | N | INSTR | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asara | asara | k.o. tree | tolas | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asasakia ~ asasakadia | asasakia ~ asasakadia | Vtr | spoil (anything) | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | asau | asau | far away | longwe | check - V? | lao asaáu 'you go longwe' | ||||
TTU | Torau | asau | asau | jump down (Vitr) | (see asaau) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asaunala | asaunala | far | [M] | arawa na asaunala | |||||
TTU | Torau | asaunu-na | asaununa | tenth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | asia-la | asiala | ninth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | a-siba~sib-i-a ~ asiasibidia | asiba~sibia ~ ásiásibidía | blacken | (see sibisibi) (ásiásibia ‘make black’) | [pa’a-sibasib-i-a AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | asigetu | asigetu | Vitr | sneeze | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-siko-a ~ a-siko-dia | asikoa ~ asikodia | make dirty | [‘beschmutzen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asi-na | ásina | younger brother/sister (male or female speaking), fathers brothers son, mothers sisters son (male speaking), husbands brother | (see a-gu) (only AS gives ‘younger sister’); (not cross sibling – both brother and sister of man or woman) (also applies to twins) | [aguouasi-la M] [‘mein jüngerer Bruder’ RS] [‘father’s brother’s son’ Cms] [‘younger brother’, [‘younger sister’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | asiri ~ asiri-a | asiri ~ asíria | insult, offend | [masíriau [‘Schmerz empfinden’ RS] | ma asiri sakaiau 'He offended me/insulted me.' ma asiri atoroiau 'What he did shot me (not literally).' |
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TTU | Torau | aso | aso | rafters | |||||||
TTU | Torau | asoma | asoma | stop, finish | inau waka nalo fo kiloko kae asoma ‘I will finish work at 4 o’clock’; mani asoma ‘we are finished, we have stopped’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asoma-ia ~ asoma-dia | asómáia ~ asomadía | stop s.o. from doing s.th. | [‘fertig machen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asora | asora | painful | isogu ma asora ‘my skin is painful’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asoraia | asoraia | strong | atunu asoraia ‘fight strong’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | asu | ásu | N | smoke | [M] [‘aasu AH] [RS] [RB] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | asu-na | asúna | eyebrow | [‘Augenbrauen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atadani | àtadáni | conditioner, receptical | |||||||
TTU | Torau | atae | atae | N | knowledge | ena atae na mageala 'his knowledge is good' | |||||
TTU | Torau | atae-na ~ atae-dia | atáena ~ ataedia | V | know s.th., know | def. can be V - see Sirinai 2 | [AH] [a’taiena [‘denken an, wissen’ RS] | magu atae ena esanala 'save long nem bilong hem', ma atae alo wakasi 'He knows how to make a canoe.' | |||
TTU | Torau | ataomo | ataomo | Vtr | gather, e.g. plates after meal) | (ao is diphthong) | peleita kae atáomo 'I'll collect all the plates.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | a-tapo-ina ~ atapoidia | àtapóina ~ àtapóidía | Vitr, Vtr | be together, group things together | bung, bungim | (see tapo) | magu atapo-a 'I grouped it with something else' magu atapo-dia 'I grouped them together' Tibola goreai di atapoa 'They brought Tibola into the game' mete isina golo kae ariatapoina pisu kae aloa 'I combine coconut and banana to make pisu' lagao sapiako kae atapoa 'and then I put in Cassava' | |||
TTU | Torau | atee | atée | water, river | [M] [a’tee AH] [RS] [‘(breast) milk’ M] [‘wara (bilong dring)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atee gesi | atée gési | river (lit. big-water) | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atee-la | ateela | water of s.th., breast milk | (e.g. metee atela ‘coconut water’) | [‘breast milk’ ateila M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | atee-la | atéela | liver | [M] [a’teela AH] [‘heart’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atia ~ atidia | atia ~ atidia | cremate (ritual described in entry for arautupi) | (*ati) (then put bones and ashes in unu) (see arautupi) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atiki | átiki | Vitr | be slow | def. initial primary stress | kara ma átiki 'The car is slow' | ||||
TTU | Torau | atiki | atiki | but | tasol | KNB030, OL163/164/165, OL270 | |||||
TTU | Torau | atikiai | atikiai | ADV | slowly | def. not verb | [M] | magu sobii atikiai ‘I walked slowly’ | |||
TTU | Torau | ato | ato | talk | (see atoato) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atoa ~ atodia | atoa ~ atodia | repay | teveri kalo atoa, teveri kalo atodia 'I will go and repay' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atoaia | atóaia | cure, save (make live) | [ha’toaia heilen, retten RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atoato | atóato | speak, language meeting | (see ato) | [‘Sprache, sprechen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | atoka-ia ~ atoka-dia | atokaia ~ atokadia | Vtr | cook | [‘kochen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | atoro | atóro | Vitr | good, properly, be good | [ha’ola atoro [‘es riecht gut’ RS] [AS] | magu ka bobola atoro ‘I didn’t listen properly’; namuna na atoro(la) ‘taste bilong good’ ; boni atoro soma ‘good night’ ‘Gud naet tru’; gómo atoro ‘hold well’; ma asiri sakaiau 'What he did shot me (not literally).' | ||||
TTU | Torau | atoro-la | atórola | good | [M] [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atsiee | atsiee | Exclam. | atchoo! | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atuba | átuba | old garden site, garden left fallow or overgrown | [‘Gestrüpp’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atu-na | atuna | child, wifes siblings child, brothers child (male or female speaking), spouses brothers child, fathers sisters son (male or female speaking), sisters child (female speaking), wifes sisters child, sisters grandchild | (includes ‘son, daughter, wife’s brother’s son, wife’s brother’s daughter, wife’s sister’s son, wife’s sister’s daughter, husband’s brother’s child, wife’s brother’s child, sister’s son’s child, sister’s daughter’s child’) | [Cms] [atugualla [‘son’ (lit. [‘wife’s brother’s child-male’) M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | atuna-ina | atunaina | hit with s.th., smite with s.th. | [‘habe geschlagen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | atunu ~ atuna ~ atunudia | atunu ~ átuna ~ atunudia | hit, smite | (see adoa) | [AH] [‘kill’ M] [atunu hamatea [‘töten’ RS] [‘fight’; [‘hit (with hand)’ AS] | magu atuna ‘fight him’; atunu asoraia ‘fight strong’; magu atunu amatea ‘killim dae’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | a-tuu-a | atúua | make sit | [‘hatua Setzen RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-tuu-ia ~ atuudia | atuuia ~ atuudia | make sit, put | [hatuia [‘hingesetzt’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | au | au | tree, wood, stick | [hao M, [‘aao AH] [hao [‘Holz’ RB] [AS] | au ua-la ‘tree fruit’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | -au | au | 1SG.OBJ | [a’loau [‘…hat mich gemacht’; a’loinau [‘hat es mir gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-u | áu | your (sg) (pl) | [‘deine’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | a-u-na | áuna | your (sg) (sg) | [‘dein’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | auru | áuru | Vitr; ADJ | new, clean | [AH] [a’oru [‘jung, neu’ RS] [AS] | e na ruma e na auru. 'This house is new.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | autupia ~ autupidia | autupia ~ autupidia | Vtr | dispose of body in sea burial | (*autupi) (see ariautupi) | |||||
TTU | Torau | a-utup-ia ~ a-utupu-dia | autúpia ~ autupudia | drown s.o. | [hau’tupia [‘ertränken’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | awa | awa | Exclam. | well | ||||||
TTU | Torau | awasaiai | awasaiai | ?because why did | awa saiai tamu lauma 'Why did you come?' nimu saiai tamui lauma 'Why did you all come?' uwa saiai 'you say why' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | aβuta | aβúta | volcano | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ba | ba | also | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ba~bakaia | ba~bakaia | dont hold | (=aka bábakáia) | ba~bakaina 'strike’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | baa-bara-la | báabarala | back of person, outside of house, outside fence | (sg.? pl.?) | ba-bara-la [‘rib, ribs’ [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | baaki | báaki | wall | |||||||
TTU | Torau | baanima ~ baanila | báanima ~ baanila | return | (*baani) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ba-baina | babaina | women | [‘Weib’ (pl) RS] | erua babaina ‘two women’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | babara | babara | rib | |||||||
TTU | Torau | babarala | babarala | children | |||||||
TTU | Torau | babari | babari | laplap | (auna babari, *babariu) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | babariu aikala | babariu aikala | be naked (lit. have no laplap) | Bioku babari uaikala 'Bioku is naked.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | babata | babata | area between beach and reef edge | |||||||
TTU | Torau | babata | babáta | V | travel following shoreline (in either direction) | ose babata ‘paddle along inside the reef’ ma ose babáta Ketapia/Loloho 'paddle following shoreline to Ketapia/Loloho' ma babata 'He is going along the shore to Ketapia/Loloho.' |
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TTU | Torau | bae-la | baela | wing (of bird); shoulder and upper arm | (syn. roroani) | [baila AH] [‘Schulter’ RS] [AS] | kókolèu báina ‘hen’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | baia | báia | name of clan (no other meaning) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | baina | báina | woman | [M] [AH] [‘Weib’, w’eiblich’ RS] [‘Weib, Frau’ RB] [AS] | idai baina ‘one woman’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | baina-la | bainala | wife | [M] [Cms] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bairima | bairima | red sweet potato, k.o. koteuko (in red parrot photo) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bakaia ~ bakadia | bakaia ~ bakadia | Vtr | hold, touch | au lo bakaia 'Go and touch the tree.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | bakaroe | bakaroe | in laws (gen.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | baki | baki | wall (of house) (inside and outside – any wall or partition) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bala | bala | ball | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bala-la | bálala | base of | mete bála-la ‘base of coconut’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | balusu | bálusu | N | aircraft | balusu ma lao gito 'The plane has already left.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | banala | bánala | tree trunk | barelakas[M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bani | báni | stay back, stay behind when others go | [‘umkehren’ RS] | magu bani | |||||
banima | bánima | return | |||||||||
TTU | Torau | baobao | baobao | smell bad | ena iala ta baobao ‘that fish smells bad’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bara | bára | block | [bala [‘Zaun’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | baraala | baraala | children | (see barala, babarala) (some people say this short for babarala) (*barala) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | barabara | barabara | fences | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | barabarala | bàrabárala | side of s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | barala- | barala | children (used in compounds only, as per tio-) | (see babarala) (see also baraala) (see tabi) (plural, but barala kiki ‘small child’, barala geesi ‘big child’, barala ala ‘boy’, barala baina ‘girl’) (in lexicon, barala is listed as ‘child’) | erua barala ‘two children’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | barata | barata | across | (see arapa) | ma beaka barata ‘he ran across (the road)’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | bario | bário | name of clan (“Breadfruit”) | (speaker suggests ‘flying fox’ – check) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bario ~ bario | barío ~ bário | breadfruit (tree and fruit) | [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | basika | básika | name of clan (no other meaning) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | batu | batu | vicinity | |||||||
TTU | Torau | baumana | báumana | name of clan (no other meaning) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | baupopoto | bàupopóto | sleep talk, sleep walk, cry in sleep | raeni mate ma baupopoto | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bea | bea | maybe | |||||||
TTU | Torau | beaka | béaka | run | [AH] [biak M] [‘beaka [‘laufen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | beala | beala | bait | [AS] | ||||||
beau | plenty | ‘planti’ | |||||||||
TTU | Torau | bebea ~ bebedia | bebea ~ bebedia | Vtr | open (anything) | [‘open (door)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | bebeaka | bèbeáka | prepare food for a feast (only) | aniani di bebeaka | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bebela | bebela | ADV | quickly and easily | def not V; verb complex internal ADV. See bela. "No *bela. belaia some people say short for bebelaia" MM | ST021 | ||||
TTU | Torau | bebelo | bébelo | butterfly | [bebelu M] [RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bebi | bebi | baby | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bela | bela | ADV | quickly and easily | def not V; verb complex internal ADV. See bebela. "No *bela. belaia some people say short for bebelaia" MM | soo~sobii bela=isala 'He is walking quickly.' lao belama 'Come quickly.' |
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TTU | Torau | bele | béle | spear | (Mauku no gat – check) (Cyril no gat) | [‘Speer’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | besu | bésu | be hungry | [AH] [‘hungern’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bia | bia | sago pudding sago flour | [‘sago pudding (long pieces)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bibinako | bibinako | floor joists | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bibitoala | bíbitóala | rainbow | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bika enelegu | bíka énelégu | calf (of leg) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | binaka ~ binakia ~ binakadia | binaka ~ binakia ~ binakadia | turn s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bini | bini | bean | |||||||
TTU | Torau | binolo | binolo | Vitr | go around | ||||||
TTU | Torau | biskit | biskit | biscuit | lao biskit palo kaisia waini solo waini suka ‘go get biskit plus salt plus sugar’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bitola | bitola | navel umbilical cord | [M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | blokeid | blokeid | N | blockade | ||||||
TTU | Torau | boboa | bóboa | hole (man-made, crab hole) | kabúke ena bóboa ‘a crab hole’; inau aguna boboa ‘my hole’ (I dug it); *?boboagu – would mean in body (check) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | boboala | boboala | its hole (rat, crab, etc.) | (*boala) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | boboboko | boboboko | round | (*boboko) | bobokoalaova | |||||
TTU | Torau | boboko | bóboko | roll dough into balls or sausages when making pisu | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bobokoala | bobokoala | place for throwing s.th. away | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bobokoala au | bobokoala au | place for dumping logs | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bobola | bobola | listen | [moguakabo bulatoro M] | magu ka bobola atoro ‘I didn’t listen properly’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | boboni | boboni | name of clan (no other meaning) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | boko | boko | Vtr | throw | ||||||
TTU | Torau | boksa | boksa | box | (TP loan?) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bola ~ bola-ia ~ boladia | bola ~ bólaia ~ boladia | hear s.th. listen to | [AH] [bo’laia [‘hören’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bolabola kokonoro | bòlabòla kokónoro | constellation of 3 small stars | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bomu | bomu | Vtr | bomb | ||||||
TTU | Torau | boni | bóni | evening/night, dusk until dawn | (definitely not boŋi) | [‘night’ AH] [‘bongi [‘Nacht’ RS] [‘night’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | bonubonu | bònubónu | k.o. mangrove, small and straight, weak when you cut them | |||||||
TTU | Torau | boo | boo | already | di bo ado 'They already cut [them].' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | boo | bóo | pig | (not bo) | [AH] [bo-o M] [AS] | boo baina ‘sow’; boo ala ‘boar’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | boo roai | boo roai | wild pig | |||||||
TTU | Torau | booboko | booboko | circle | |||||||
TTU | Torau | boβe | boβe | Bove | PNLOC | Bove | |||||
TTU | Torau | bu~busu | bu~busu | hit many times | (*buu~) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bubu | búbu | bird sp. (black noddy) | (identified by DH plate 87) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bubueko | bubueko | bird sp (White-eyed starling; Mackinlays cuckoo-dove) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bubuni | bubuni | chop up (trees, firewood, canoe), chop, hoe (ground) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | buburu | búburu | grass | bubúru[M] [RS] [RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | buini | buini | PNLOC | Buin | ||||||
TTU | Torau | buka | búka | betel nut | [M] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bukanbiolo | bukanbiolo | PNLOC | Bougainville | ||||||
TTU | Torau | buku | buku | book | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bulubuluu | bulubuluu | blue | |||||||
TTU | Torau | buna ~ bubun-i-dia | búna ~ bubunidia | chop up | (c.f. adoa) | [‘durchhauen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | bunia | búnia | cuttlefish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | buni-na ~ buni-dia | bunina ~ bunidia | waist (of body) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | bunuru | búnuru | be surprised | [‘sich wundern’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | bunuru ~ bunuria ~ bunurudia | búnuru ~ bunuria ~ bunurudia | watch | eradito bunuru sadia 'They were watching the singsing' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | burara | búrara | axe (stone axe for fighting) | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | buri | búri | pregnant | (ma buri) | [‘schwanger’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | busu | busu | Vtr | hit upper body (with stick or s.th. - must be an instrument, not hand) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | busu-a-ni bo | busuani bo | club for killing pigs | |||||||
buteu | rollers (legs or anything) for moving canoe or anything | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | da | da | 1INCPL.POSS | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | da | da | 1INCPL.OBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -da | da | 1INCS.SUBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | daapa | daapa | basket, disposable coconut frond basket | not dapa RP | ['basket' AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | daki | dáki | meet, find, encounter | [‘mangi [‘ari [‘daki [‘wir sind uns begegnet’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | daki-a ~ dakidia | dákia ~ dakidia | meet find | [‘begegnen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dakoa ~ dakodia | dakoa ~ dakodia | hit (ball, anything, but not a person), bump with body (of person) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dale | dale | coral (generic) | [‘coral (limestone)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dalo-la | dalola | gum | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dapa | dapa | 1INCPL.SUBJ.IRR | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dara | dára | flat round basket platter with handles | |||||||
TTU | Torau | de | de | day | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dedeaβa | dedeaβa | dedeawa ~ dedeava | long ago, before, in the old days | CHECK FORM | [kanúa dedeava [‘Vorfahren’ RS] | kanea ni dedeawa ‘man bilong long ago’ | |||
TTU | Torau | deni(-na) | deni(na) | frond (coconut only) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | di | di | 3PL.SUBJ.RL | [AH] [‘sie haben… (Perfekt)’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -di | di | 3PL.POSS | (see dia) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dia | dia | 3PL.OBJ | [a’lodia [‘…hat sie gemacht’; a’loidia [‘hat es ihnen gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dia | dia | 3PL.POSS | (see –di) | [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -dia | dia | 3PL SUBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | didia | dídia | wild taro | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dine | dine | hiccup | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dipa | dípa | 3PL.SUBJ.IRR | [‘sie… (Futur)’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dodoka | dodóka | groundwater (water running on ground, not strong) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dodolo | dòdoló | lips | (POSS is optional) | dodologu[M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | dodolou | dodolou | come down (hill) | (*dolo) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | domala | dómala | ADV | today | monomorphemic - *doma | [dumala [‘now’ M] [AS] | ma súa ‘It’s raining’, su-súa-sala ‘It’s raining’, ta súa “past tense”, pae súa ‘Tomorrow...etc.’, nárola ta súa, narola ma súa (you can also say), domala ta sua patálo magu sasau ‘Today it rained so I wash’ (wash clothes, plates, etc., not self) | |||
TTU | Torau | domala-i | domalai | ADV | these days | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dooka | dooka | waning | ibau ma dooka 'the moon is waning' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dopisi | dopisi | release (of water at least) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dopisia ~ dopisidia | dópisía ~ dópisidía | release (of water at least) | lusim | bolt dopisia 'undo the bolt' pa dopisi rausudia 'gem them all out' | |||||
TTU | Torau | dosiro | dosíro | PN | Dosiro (a Nasioi group resident in the area around Rorovana when the Torau first arrived) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dudutu | dudútu | bump about | |||||||
TTU | Torau | dukana ~ dukaladia | dukana ~ dukaladia | have gap, make a hole in s.th., canoe, saucepan, anything | magu dukana 'make a hole in s.th.' magu dukaladia 'make many holes in s.th.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | dukuu | dukuu | look like | dukúu saumana 'luk blo yu wanem kain', ma dukuu saka 'he looks no good' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | duuru | duuru | N | waterfall | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e | e | this | [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e | e | POSS | |||||||
TTU | Torau | e | e | Exclam. | oh! | (see ee) | |||||
TTU | Torau | -e | e | SBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -e | e | AUX | |||||||
TTU | Torau | e- | e | ?? | |||||||
TTU | Torau | eana(-gu) | éana(gu) | sweat | [M] | magu eana | |||||
TTU | Torau | eapui | èapúi | coconut crab | (see eaβui - which is right?) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eaβui | eaβui | coconut crab | (see eapui - which is right?) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eba | eba | olsem | |||||||
TTU | Torau | eberia | eberia | PNLOC | place on Kieta peninsula where dead people go when they die, according to Torau and other local beliefs | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-da | eda | 1INCPL.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ede | ede | peep, watch secretly | lukluk stil | ||||||
TTU | Torau | edeede | edeede | secretly watch "people who secretly watch", voyeur | ma edeede | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-dia | edia | 3PL.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ee | ee | he, him | [‘er, ihn, ihm’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ee | ee | Exclam. | oh! | (see e) | |||||
TTU | Torau | eelo | éelo | sea water | (see ogo, kasora) | elo [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | eeto | eeto | here | (variant of ito) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-gu | egu | 1SG.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eia | eia | these | (no gat, e ia = ena 2 words) | [‘diese (Plural)’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | eikala | éikala | no; nogat | (aikala? Check) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eina | eina | his, her, its (sg) (3SG.POSS) | #NAME? | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eisa | eisa | how many? | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eko | éko | be lying down? sleep? lie (i.e. recline); be based (somewhere) | i slip | (see eiko, a-eko-a) | [eiko [‘lie (down)’ M] [máeko AH] | ||||
TTU | Torau | ekonu | ekonu | lie down | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ela | ela | that (DEM) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | e-la | ela | 3SG.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-la | éla | his, her, its (pl) | [‘seine’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | elae | elae | that (DEM) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | elai | elai | thats it | hem nau | ||||||
TTU | Torau | elai | elai | one | |||||||
TTU | Torau | elaii | elaií | many | planti | ||||||
TTU | Torau | elai-rausu | elairáusu | all, everyone | (but elai rausu ‘them finis’) | [AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | elo | eló | Vitr | wait | wet | CHECK FORM | ||||
TTU | Torau | elo | elo | sea, seamonster | (see eelo) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | elo~elo-ain-a | elo~eloaina | Vtr | wait around for | wait wait bilong hem | ma elo~eloaina 'He waited around.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | elo-ain-a | eloáina | Vtr | wait for s.o. or s.th. | wet long | def. applic | [‘warten’ RS] | |||
TTU | Torau | e-mani | emani | 1EXCPL.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-mu | emu | 2PL.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-na | éna | his, her, its (sg) (3SG.POSS) | bilong hem | (not e-la because underlyingly e-la-na) (=eina) | [‘sein’ RS] [AS] | marii ena roga ‘bird’s nest’ kakapiro ena roga 'spider's web' | |||
TTU | Torau | ena ~ eena | ena ~ eena | this | (see ina) (actually ‘that’? – RS gives 2 sg DEMs, e and ena) (“identifies dog, etc.”) (Pira gives form eena in contrast with ena ‘bilong hem’) | [‘dieser’ RS] | ena amata na katoka ‘This village is clean’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | enae | énae | this, this one | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | enele-la | èneléla | leg, foot | enéle-la[M] [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eni-na | enina | this part of | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ensin | ensin | engine | (TP) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | episa | epísa | three | épisa[M] [AH] [RS] [‘three’; [‘(ol) tripela’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | episa saunu | episa saunu | thirty | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | episa saunu idai | episa saunu idai | thirty one | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | episa saunu nima | episa saunu nima | thirty five | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | episa saunu olomo | episa saunu olomo | thirty six | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | era | éra | sing (any kind) | [M] [AH] [‘singen’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ereβen(i) | ereβen(i) | rack at top of kabaka for keeping the already smoked fish etc. smoking rack, smoking bed | (CHECK MEANING) (ereweni in lexicon based on texts, with translation ‘smoking rack’) (Cyril confirms) | [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ero | éro | big lizard with ears so can fly | |||||||
TTU | Torau | erou | érou | go down, descend (tree, stairs) | [‘hinabsteigen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | erou(ma) | erou(ma) | come down from house, ship, truck, canoe, or tree, ladder | (see kerou(ma), free variation) | dipa erou(ma) | |||||
TTU | Torau | erua | erua | two | éro[M] [AH] [‘erua RS] [‘two’; [‘(ol) tupela’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | erua saunu | erua saunu | twenty | [M] [RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | erua saunu idai | erua saunu idai | twenty one | [eruasaunnidai M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | erua saunu nima | erua saunu nima | twenty five | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | erua saunu olomo | erua saunu olomo | twenty six | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eruasa | eruasa | exactly two | eruas [‘few’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | esana-la | esánala | name | (see isala-) | [AH] [AS] isála-la[i’salangu [‘Name’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | esana-ni-mate | esananimate | ”death name”, name given in honour of s.o. who died | (see esanala ni mate) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eseese | eseese | all of it | boo eseese mu pekoia 'Do you want the whole pig?' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | esenala ni mate | esenala ni mate | death name | (i.e. Lovinau adopted gani ‘gun’ when his son Rafael died. Raini mate, namesakes, etc.) (see osananimate) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | e-u | eu | 2SG.SUBJ | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | eβati | éβati ~ eβáti | four | [AH] [ewati M] [e’vati RS] [ewatiAS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | fraide | fraide | Friday | |||||||
TTU | Torau | gadeni | gadeni | garden | (see gareni) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | galasa | galasa | mirror | ine lo tirotiro ‘you look down (cliff, mountain, hole)’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | galo | galo | V | paddle (arch., now replaced by ose) | see ose | galo-a=ma 'paddle towards me' = ose-a+ma | ||||
TTU | Torau | gareni | gareni | garden | |||||||
TTU | Torau | garu | garu | casuarina tree, raintree | iar | (in plate 124, p. 137 of Don Hadden’s bird book) | [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | garu-garu komukomu | garugaru komukomu | (DH plate 133) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | gatu | gátu | make feast | [‘ŋatu [‘Fest’ RS] | madi gatu; *idai gatu | |||||
TTU | Torau | gau | gáu | Vitr | become alight, be lit | (see a-gau-a) | [‘burn (of fire)’ [‘gao AH] [‘burn (of fire)’ AS] [magáu [‘Flamme’ RS] | udaa ma gau 'The fire is lit.’; udaa gagau sala(to) ‘the fire is alight’; udaa maka gagau ‘the fire is not alight’ | |||
TTU | Torau | gaue | gawe | spiders web | |||||||
TTU | Torau | gaβaman | gaβaman | government | |||||||
TTU | Torau | gaβe | gáβe | spider | (/gaBe/) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | geala | geala | k.o. tree, used for funeral pyre in time before | |||||||
TTU | Torau | geesi | géesi | Vitr; ADJ; N | big be big also N leader | [‘geesi AH] [ges [‘large’ M] [‘ŋesi (one listing has macron and acute over e) RS] [geesi AS] | kokoito isina Chris bario adi anua gegeesi ‘Kokoito and Chris are chiefs of Bario.’ e na ruma e na auru. 'This house is big.' amana geesi 'our leader' (Cyril) | ||||
TTU | Torau | geesi | geesi | waxing | ibau ma geesi 'the moon is waxing' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | gegeesi | gegeesi | chiefs the big ones (of anything, children, etc.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | gegetina | gegetina | edge | (no *geti(na)) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | getara | getára | bed bench | [ŋe’tara ‘Bett’ RS] [‘bad’ M(!)] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | getu | getu | dance | |||||||
TTU | Torau | giira | gíira | parrot (generic) | (all DH plates 118-130, not just cardinal lory as per DH) | [‘cardinal lory’ DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | gimasa | gimása | coconut shell | [ŋi’masa RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | gira kobakoba | gira kobákoba | parrot sp. (cardinal lorry) (named because it smells bad) | (identified by DH plates 118-119) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | girani garu | giranigaru ~ gíraŋáru | parrot sp. (green with red breast) (rainbow lorikeet, Duchess lorikeet) | (identified by DH plates 120-121) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | girigiri-na | gírigírina | armpit | |||||||
TTU | Torau | gito | gito | already | [AH] [AS] | eta laso gito ‘Hemi tame finis’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | goaβa | goaβa | guava | (also place near Panguna) | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | gogounu | gogounu | as group | |||||||
TTU | Torau | goia | goia | skinim | (see solua, solusolu) | tadi ariaiti | |||||
TTU | Torau | golo | gólo | banana (generic) | [AH] [gol M] [‘ŋolo (one listing has macron and acute over 1st [‘o’) RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | golo kakata | gólo kákata | k.o. banana, for cooking (lit. white banana) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | goloai | goloai | garden of banana | |||||||
TTU | Torau | golomane | golomane | gold money (ie. introduced currency) (archaic) | (old people say it) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | gomo | gómo | hold | [‘ŋomo atoro [‘fest’ RS] | magu gomo; gómo atoro ‘hold well’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | gomoa ~ gomodia | gomoa ~ gomodia | hold s.th. (in hand) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | gomoai ~ gomodia | gómóai ~ gomodia | hold | kumóa[‘berühren, anhalten, ergreifen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | gore | gore | play; game | V+N | [AS] | bioku ma gore | ||||
TTU | Torau | gore~gore | gore~gore | all play | |||||||
TTU | Torau | goreaika | goreaika | very | planti tru | ||||||
TTU | Torau | goreaika(la) | goreaika(la) | many of anything | matuala gòreáika(la) ‘many devils’; anua goreaika(la) ‘many people’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | goβa-la | goβala | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | goβa-la ~ goβa-dia | goβala ~ goβadia | N | saliva, spittle | [goa-u AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | gu | gu | 1SG.POSS | [RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | gu | gu | 1SG SBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -gu | gu | 1SG SBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | guru | guru | V only | thunder; growl | [AS] | kaukau ma guru; kabu gugurusala ‘The sky is thundering’; *kabu ma gugurusala | ||||
TTU | Torau | i | i | see -ai | |||||||
TTU | Torau | i | i | transitiviser | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -i | i | ?? | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -i- ~ -in- ~ -ini- | i ~ in ~ ini | applicative marker | -i / _C; -in / _a; -ini / _au | [a’lo-i-mani [‘…hat es uns gemacht’, a’lo-in-a [‘…hat es ihm gemacht’, a’lo-ini-o [‘…hat es dir gemacht’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ia | ía | ?some kind of relator? | [nimu hanua ia kikina [‘ihr seid kleine Leute’ RS] [ni-mudi ia episa [‘we three (excl)’, ni-da ia episa [‘we three (incl)’, ni-mu ia episa [‘they three’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ia | ia | PL | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -ia | ia | 3SG.OBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ia ~ iaa | ía ~ iaa | lime (for betel) | /i.a/ (check form) | [ía M] [ía AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | iai | íai | where? or which? | /i.ai/ | [‘where?’ AH] [‘welcher?’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | iala | iála | fish (generic) | /yala ~ iala/ | íala [M] [AH] [i’ala ] [ijalla RB] [AS] | iala magu unui ‘I smoked the fish’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | ia-la | iála | wifes brother, wifes brothers wife, brothers wife (male or female speaking), husbands elder or younger brothers wife, brother-in-law, husbands sister | (Cms has bakaroefor ‘husband’s sister’) | [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | iatouo | iatouo | which place? what place? | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ia-tuu-in-a ~ ia-tuu-i-dia | iatuuina ~ iatuuidia | Vtr | stay with someone | ||||||
-iau | 1SG.OBJ | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | ibao | ibáo | full moon, month | [‘moon’ [AH] [ibau M] [RS] [ibau RB] [AS] | ibao geesi | |||||
TTU | Torau | idai | idai | one | (attributive, not in counting – see kasa) | [AS] [idaí [‘Stück (klein)’ RS] | idai arisai ‘gather once’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | idai uikutani | idai uikutani | cloth for squeezing coconut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | idaiai | idaiai | sometimes | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ide | ide | cup | idai siamela,; erua siamela; ide siamela ‘one cup’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -idia | idia | 3PLIO.APPL | |||||||
TTU | Torau | idu | idu | back of head | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | iga | iga | from a long way away | see aga | ||||||
TTU | Torau | igau | igau | wild (of any animal) | (original form of sigau, sigau new form (RP)) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | igunu | igunu | go into the bush, into a garden, not into a house | |||||||
TTU | Torau | iia- | iia | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | iirisi | íirisi | edge of reef | (but Medaa isina Maromagara story notes say irisi=dropoff) (definitely iirisi - MM didn't understand when I said irisi) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | iiru ~ iru-a | íiru ~ irúa | V | put, put it, leave it | [‘(ver)lassen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -imu | imu | 2PLIO.APPL | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -in | in | APPL | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ina | ina | the | (actually same as ena?) | [AS] | |||||
-ina | 3SGIO.APPL | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | inau | ínau | I, me | [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ine | íne | you (sg) | iné ináu[AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -ini | ini | APPL | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ini-taratara-dia | initarataradia | all of them | olketa | (absolutely all of them, def. one word) (also initaratara-da/mani/mu) | [intarataradia M] [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | io | í.o | that | "not io, if it was it would be pronounced /jo/ but its /i.o/" RP (AH’s eg’s give ee as 3SG pronoun, as per RS) | [AH] [‘io [‘that’; [‘iio [‘he’ AH] [AS] | iio ena ruma na agisina ‘His house is nearby’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | io a-di tani-na-rua | io adi taninarua | they two, them two | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | io-di | í.odi | those | not iodi, if it was it would be pronounced /jodi/ but its /i.odi/ RP | [AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | io-di tani-na-rua | i.odi taninarua | they two, them two | [iyodi… AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ipiri | ipíri | Vtr | change s.th. | (see aripiri) | |||||
TTU | Torau | iro-la | írola | back of person, etc. | iró-la[AH] [‘Rücken’ RS] [irona [‘Rücken’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | irua ~ irudia | írua ~ irudia | put | (still initial stress, but only one /i/) | [irúa [‘legen, stellen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | irumasi | irumasi | blow nose (only) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | isa | isa | ASP | IPFV variant of sa | see sa | [aaloa ai sangu [‘I am doing it.’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | isi | isi | COMIT (PSTP) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | isi | isi | V | singsing with panpipes | [manpai-is [‘dance’ M] | manipa isi ‘we will singsing with panpipes’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | isi | ísi | N | panpipes (of bamboo) | [‘Musikinstrument zum Blasen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | isila | isila | windpipe (in body) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | isio-la | isióla | body | CHECK form and meaning - = isola? | [AH] [‘Körper’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | iso | iso | N | dye, red dye tree | ||||||
TTU | Torau | iso | iso | V | dye | ||||||
TTU | Torau | iso | iso | k.o. plant, s.th. like sugarcane in rivers, not edible | |||||||
TTU | Torau | isoiso | ísoíso | red | (iso = dye V) | [M] [AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | iso-la | isola | body | (Mauku said = ‘body’ in text) (but not good Torau; it appears that people do say it) | isola ‘his skin’; isogu ma asora ‘my skin is painful’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | isola kakasu | isola kakasu | be naked (lit. body only) | Bioku isola kakasu 'Bioku is naked.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | iso-niaru | isoniaru | red dye from aru seed | |||||||
TTU | Torau | isuisu | isuisu | V | grate | ||||||
TTU | Torau | isuisu | isuisu | N | pudding (gen.) | isuisu golo, isuisu sanoko etc. isuisu koteuka | |||||
TTU | Torau | isuisu | isuisu | k.o. food - tapioca with coconut milk in mumu | |||||||
TTU | Torau | isu-na | isúna | nose | [M] [AH] [RS] [RB] [AS] | ||||||
íta | share' | (definitely not iita) | ma ita 'he shared' iala ma ita-dia 'he distributed the fish' ma ariarita 'distributed' | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | itaa | itáa | ADV | here (nearby but not immediately to hand, eg. elsewhere in the same house) | (see itoo) (no *eta) | |||||
itaa | Vitr | lean' | (not *taa, must be itaa) | ma taa | |||||||
TTU | Torau | italai | ítalài | there (not visible) | see itolai. *itaalai *itala | ||||||
TTU | Torau | itau | itáu | cooking pot (originally clay pot, now includes any metal cooking pot/saucepan) | [M] [‘topf’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
itoio | ‘there’ | (not itooio) | |||||||||
TTU | Torau | itolai | ítolài | there (visible) | see italai. *itoolai | ||||||
TTU | Torau | itoo | itóo | ADV | here (holding, within reach, or very nearby) | see itaa (see also eeto) (CHECK MEANING) (*ito) | magu amaloa ‘I think about him’; magu amalodia | ||||
TTU | Torau | itu | ítu | seven | [M] [RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | iutia ~ iutudia | iutia ~ iutudia | push | /jutia/ | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ka | ka | not (negative particle) | [mangu ka a’loa I didn’t do it.’ RS] | magu ka bobola atoro ‘I didn’t listen properly’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | ka | ka | 1SG.SUBJ.IRR | ka lao mánabu ~ káelo mánabu ‘I want to go rest.’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ka~kabako | ka~kabako | area of cleared bush | (final vowel possibly a, see kabaka) | idai kakabako 'one area of cleared bush' | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaakalo | káakalo | Vitr | be strong (of wind, tree, man etc) | *kalo (see aakalo) | [‘hart, stark’ RS] [kakalasom [‘sacred’ M] | ||||
TTU | Torau | kaakaruku enele-la | káakarùku enelela | foot | (see pita-pitani-gu) (*kaakaruku w.o. enelela or tuala) | [‘foot’ AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaakaruku tuala | kaakaruku tuala | hand | (*kaakaruku w.o. enelela or tuala) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kabaka | kabaka ~ kabak | N | clear bush | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kabaka | kabaka | V | (ma kabaka) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kabakaba | kábakába | oven for smoking fish etc., smoking structure | [Pira] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kabisi | kábisi | cabbage | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kabu | kábu | sky | [RS] [AS] | kabu gugurusala ‘The sky is thundering’; kábu na katoka ‘The sky is clear’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | kabuke | kábuke | crab (generic) | kabukei[M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kabukei | kábukéi | crab generic also ghost crab on sand | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kabukeni | kábukéni | k.o. vine (has white sap when cut) | (poss. k.o. vine – see midi) | [AH] [kabukéni AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaburu | káburu | coconut, young, green drinking coconut | kulau | [caburu [‘Kokosnuss, junge’ RB] [‘green drinking coconut’ AS] [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kada | káda | cane (gen.) | (not *kaada) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kadaa | kadáa | see | ("toru is look") | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kadeke | kadeke | tell story | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kadiala | kadíala | be startled, be surprised | [‘sich erschrecken’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kadiki | kádiki | k.o. ant (large brown ant, lives on ground) | (kádiki and mámau are classes of ants with different types) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kadiki roro | kádiki róro | black ant (can bite, looks like kadika, lives on ground) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kadopia ~ kadopodia | kadópia ~ kadopodia | catch | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kae | kae | 1SG.SUBJ.IRR | [kai [‘ich… (Futur)’ RS] [kaimausu [‘sleep’ and lagukaiwario [‘tell’ M] [kae AS] | inau waka nalo fo kiloko kae asoma ‘I will finish work at 4 o’clock’; ka lao mánabu ~ káelo mánabu ‘I want to go rest.’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | kagomu | kágomu | N | vine, grows in winter, frogs live on, eaten | kaŋkoŋ | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaia | kaia | Vtr | carry child or person or bag carry on back | (not also knapsack) | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaiau | káiau | N | k.o. banana, for eating, short | /kayau/ | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaina | kaina | olsem | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kaini | kaini | type | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kaisa ~ kaisia | kaisa ~ kaisia | Vtr | take, get, buy, pay | [‘kaufen’ RS] [kaisiam [‘bring, get’ [check] M] | kaisiau ‘pay me’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | kakabinolo | kakabínolo | spherical | (not flat or like tree trunk, round, or rid pack) | [‘round (of tree trunk)’ AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kakabubola | kàkabubóla | disobedient | actually ka~ka-boo~bola or s.th.? | [kakábubola [‘ungehorsam’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kakadeke | kakádeke | story | idai kakádeke ‘one story’; inau kae kakadeke ‘I will tell a story’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kakamo | kakamo | diamond (shape) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kakamo pakela | kakamo pakela | triangle (lit. half of diamond) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kakana | kakána | beach, sand | sanbis | (see nunala) | [ka’kaana AH] [‘beach, shore’; [‘sand’ AS] | kakána amini Rorovana ‘the beach of Rorovana’ | |||
TTU | Torau | kakanea | kàkanéa | old men | (see kanea) | [ká-kanèa [‘Greis’ (pl) RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kakao | kakao | cocoa tree, cocoa | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kakapiro | kakapiro | spider | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kakarala | kakárala | k.o. wild taro, but eat leaf, shoots, dont eat root | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kakarau | kákarau | k.o. banana, for cooking, large, curves up like letter C | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ka-karo | kakaro | ?? | (see karo) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kakasu | kakasu | only | *kasu | nunala kakasu – they used no other means of transport just walking | |||||
TTU | Torau | kakata | kakata | N | white cockatoo (Ducorps cockatoo), k.o. parrot | [DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kakata | kákata | white | (probably real adjective as no POSS suffix with definite N) (see pa’akakataia) | [M] ['cloud' M] [AH] [‘kagata, [‘kaŋata (with macron and acute over 1st [‘a’) RS] [AS] | kakatala ‘That thing is very white’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | kakata golo | kakata golo | N | k.o. banana | the one in the front of photo of cook house | |||||
TTU | Torau | kakata tua-gu | kàkata túagu | palm of hand (lit. white part of hand) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kakau | kakáu | cocoa (tree , pods) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kake | kake | lift | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kakoraka | kákoráka | long fish with sharp teeth | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kaku-a | kakua | break s.th. | (*kaku ‘broken (vitr)’) | [‘brechen’ RS] | magu kaku moi 'I'm chopping firewood' | ||||
TTU | Torau | kakumana | kàkumána | heron sp. (Rufous night heron), k.o. bird (cries at night, smells bad, brown with white face markings and long legs) | identified by DH plate 31 (juvenile) - no mention of adult in plate 32. | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kalo | kalo | be strong | (see akalo) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kalukalu | kalukalu | big man (lo taem bipo) | (not someone's name) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kamisu | kámisu | Vitr | spit | [‘speien’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kamisu-in-a | kamisuina | spit s.th. out | (not ‘spit on s.th.’ – theme not goal) | [‘bespeien’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kamisu-na | kamisuna | spittle | [‘spit on s.th.’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kamou | kamóu | cloud | (see kabu) | [AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kanea | kanéa | old man | (see magota) | kanéa[AH] [‘old’ M] [kánea ‘Greis’, [‘erwachsen’ RS] [kanúa dedeava[‘Vorfahren’ RS] | kanea ni dedeawa ‘man bilong long ago’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | kanibaka | kánibàka | k.o. bird, stop long bush | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kanisi | kánisi | talis nut and tree | talis | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kanokano | kànokáno | ”Singapore” (s.th. in taro family), long sweet potato, k.o. koteuko (in red parrot photo) | singapore | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kanugele | kanugele | N | canoe (arch.) | original word for wakaasi RP | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaomo | káomo | small red mudcrab, lives on land in holes (not real mudcrab) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kapa | kapa | cup | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kapimo | kapimo | coconut (half green half brown) | (“= drai”) | [‘coconut (ripe)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kapisi | kápisi | Vtr | cut hair | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kapo | kapo | sew | (see kapo-a) | [kapo [‘fish net’AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kapo | kapo | N | white sea eel, sea snake - white with black spots | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kapo-a ~ kapodia | kapoa ~ kapodia | sew s.th. | (see kapo) | [kapo [‘fish net’AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kapokapo | kapokapo | sew | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kapoko | kápoko | Kapok tree | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kapsikumu | kapsikumu | capsicum | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kaputu | kaputu | be out (of fire, lantern, etc.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kara | kara | car | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kara koβi | kára kóβi | bonito | |||||||
TTU | Torau | karakata-gu ~ karakata-da | kárakatágu ~ kàrakátada | chin | kárataka-la[‘karakatala AH] [ka’rata,kagu [‘Kinn’ RS] [karakatalla [‘Kinn’ RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | karao | karáo | N | green galip nut (unripe) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | karata | kárata | bite | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | karat-i-a | karátia | bite | [‘beissen’ RS] [‘bite (of dog)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | karikau | kárikàu | k.o. tree and fruit (gira like it) | lavlan | ka lao mánabu ~ káelo mánabu ‘I want to go rest.’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | karo-a ~ karo-dia | károa ~ karodia | dig (a pit, deep hole) scratch your body | [‘graben’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | karogu | karógu | parrot sp. (eclectus parrot - male (green) only) | (identified by DH plate 130. female (red) is tumenu) | [DH - no gender specification] | |||||
TTU | Torau | karonau | karonau | like sex | |||||||
TTU | Torau | karuki | káruki | k.o. fish, larger spotted fish in 2nd fish photo | |||||||
TTU | Torau | karuratu | karuratu | small k.o. fish, many colours | |||||||
TTU | Torau | karus-i-a ~ karusu-dia | karúsia ~ karusudia | peel (anything) | [‘peel (kaukau)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kasa | kása | one | (in counting only, see idai) | [M] [RS] [‘kaasa AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kasi | kasi | SBD | because | see 'uasaiai' | |||||
TTU | Torau | kasibura | kásibùra | large bivalve shell (in shell photo) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kasigata | kasigata | sweetlips (k.o. fish) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kasora | kásora | deep ocean | (see elo, ogo) | [cassora [‘Meer’ RB] | |||||
TTU | Torau | katana | katána | carry on shoulder | (kátana or katána OK) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kati | kati | jellyfish (stinging) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kato | káto | clear (track/path) | (magu káto) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | katoka | kátoka | Vitr | be clean, clear | kadóka[‘Hell’ RS] | kábu na katoka ‘The sky is clear’; ena amata na katoka ‘This village is clean’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | kaukau | káukau | dog | [M] [AH] [kau kau RB] [AS] | kaukau ma guru | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaulo | kaulo | sisters sons wife, sisters daughters husband | [Cms] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kaumo | kaúmo | small red edible crab | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kaumu | kaumu | crab (k.o.) (lives on land in holes) | [‘crab (poss. k.o.)’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kaunala | kaunala | scrotum | (MM says 'testicles') | [M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kaβaki | kaβáki | k.o. bamboo | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ke | ke | Exclam. | oh! | (see kee) | |||||
TTU | Torau | keasenta | keasenta | care centre | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kee | kee | Exclam. | oh! | (see ke) | |||||
TTU | Torau | keokono | keokóno | axe | [AH] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kerai | kerái | name of a small island off Rorovana | (Pira says must be keraai) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kerai | kérai | N | frigatebird (lesser frigatebird) | (probably also greater frigatebird) | [DH] [terrai mariï [‘Vogel’ RB] | ||||
TTU | Torau | kerewai | kérewái | N | gecko | ||||||
TTU | Torau | keria | kería | Vtr | desire s.th. | Cyril says used long ago - unclear as to meaning | [‘begehren’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | kero | kero | Vitr | climb down (descend tree/stairs) | (can be kero or kero-u) | |||||
TTU | Torau | kerou(ma) | kerou(ma) | come down from house, ship, truck, canoe, or tree, ladder | (see erou(ma), free variation) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | keru-a ~ kurdia | kerua ~ kurdia | write it | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kerukeru | kerukeru | N | writing | (agu kerukeru) | |||||
TTU | Torau | ketapia | kétapìa | PNLOC | Ketapia (river, and part of coast at river mouth (river called Pinei in the mountains)) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ketapia | ketapia | Exclam. | (a meaningless formula for ending legends, legends should only be told at night, not during the day, but if they are told during the day you must say this formula at the end or you will get lost in the bush) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | keto | keto | turn head | mata ketola ‘his eyesight’; asa-na mata ketola mato tada sae=sa-la ‘With his eyesight he looked up.’ (Komakomasa Enelela clause 131) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | keβara | kéβara | palm with strong trunk used in building, inc. flooring | [‘betel palm’ [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiap | kiap | Australian colonial district officer | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kiau | kíau | megapode (Melanesian scrubfowl) (k.o. bird) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiau(-na) | kiau(na) | egg | [RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kieta | kieta | PNLOC | Kieta | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiki | kíki | ADJ | small | (occurs with indefinite N) | [RS] | iala kiki, tabi kiki, *ma kiki | |||
TTU | Torau | kiki | kíki | kick | bala ma kíkia 'He kicked the ball' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kikideu | kikideu | PNLOC | Kikideu (an area at Rorovana 2) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiki-na | kíkina | small | (occurs with definite N) | [M] [‘khikina AH] [RS] [AS] | na kikina, *ma kikina | ||||
TTU | Torau | kikiu | kikíu | wash body but “wash clothes, plates, etc., not self” | (see sasaoa) (magu kikíu) | [‘baden’ RS] [Pira] | domala ta sua patálo magu sasau ‘Today it rained so I wash’ (wash clothes, plates, etc., not self) | ||||
TTU | Torau | kiloko | kiloko | oclock clock | inau waka nalo fo kiloko kae asoma ‘I will finish work at 4 o’clock’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kimasa | kimása | bailer | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kini | kini | k.o. tree | kiwila | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kinukinu(-na) | kínukinu(na) | crooked | [‘krumm’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiokio | kíokío | bird with blue chest and white around neck | (onomatopoaeic) (not sista as per Don Hadden’s book) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiroi | kirói | sea urchin, short spined | (eaten, cooked by putting in the fire until black and inside cooked) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiu | kíu | N + V | wind | ma kíu ‘It’s windy.’ kíu ma kákalo ‘The wind is strong.’ | [M] [AH] [kiuu RS] [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | kiuni matirane | kiuni matirane | wind of dry reef of day time, comes from direction of Kieta, all year round | (That's all - just 3 k.o. wind) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kiwikiwirori | kiwikiwirori | outrigger pins | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koa | kóa | k.o. clam in rock | [kokoa AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | koa ~ koaia ~ koadia | koa ~ koaia ~ kóadía | drink | loa[M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | koau | kóau | ashes | [AH] [RB] [‘dust’; [‘ashes’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kobaa(la) | kobáa(la) | not stomach, bladder? intestine? | (MM says 'liver') | [kobáha-gu [‘Magen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kobonuka | kobonuka | N | k.o. palm, grows in big forest, not near villages | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kobonuka | kobonuka | N | large wooden tray (not made of kobonuka palm) | [kobo [‘Trog, Teller’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kodoki | kodóki | kokota kokodo | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kodolai | kodólai | corner of room, small space, nook | kodóla[‘Bucht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | koitoki | kòitóki | Vitr | be lazy | kóitoke[‘träg’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | koko | kóko | garden of taro | [koko [‘Garten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | koko | koko | k.o. cane basket, round | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kokoa | kokoá | drink | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kokoe | koko.e | V | roast over open fire, grill (fish only) | [kokoia [‘rösten’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kokoia | kokoia | roast | [kokoia [‘rösten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kokoki | kokoki | tree in R2 photo 2 | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kokoleu | kókolèu | thousand | (can’t just say kokoleu – must say idai or whatever, enumerate, on own just means chicken) | [‘thousand/very many’ [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kokoleu | kòkoléu | chicken | kòkoleu ála /kòkolewála/ [‘rooster’; kókolèu báina [‘hen’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kokolo soro | kókolo sóro | all clams that live on the sound (i.e. not soda mamàku) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kokolosoro | kókolosóro | k.o. clam | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kokonibaka | kokonibaka | k.o. plant, various types, grows among wild taro, used leaves for carrying water before | (*baka) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kokonoro | kokónoro | boil | (*konoro) (see akonor) | ketolo ma kokónoro 'The kettle is boiling' | |||||
TTU | Torau | kokopau(-na) | kokopáu(na) | thumb big toe | [M] [AH] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kokora(la) | kokóra(la) | anus cowardly | [‘feig’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kokoβoro | kokoβoro | kokovoro ~ kokoworo | outrigger, outrigger float | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | koku ~ kokua ~ kokudia | koku ~ kókua ~ kókudía | Vtr | shape (canoe only) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kola-i-a ~ kola-dia | kolaia ~ koladia | weave (mat) poke s.th. down with stick, as fruit | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kolokoloruata | kolokoloruata | square | |||||||
TTU | Torau | komasa | komasa | scrape, shave, sharpen | burumu magu komasadia 'I sharpen the broom (by scraping the sides)' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | komuka | komuka | parrot sp. - red-flanked lorikeet | (DH plate 123, not as per list) | [‘rainbow lorikeet’ DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | komukomu | kómukómu | snake (generic) (inc. sea snakes | [AH] [komkom M] [ko’mukomu [‘Schlange, Wurm’ RS] [comu RB] [AS] | komukomu namini paparemai, komukomu namini eloai | |||||
TTU | Torau | konoro | konoro | Vitr | smoulder (of coconut shell for transferring fire) | (ma konoro) | |||||
TTU | Torau | koobaka | kóobàka | hermit crab (gen., including small beach hermit crabs and large bush hermit crabs) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kookolo | kóokolo | clam (gen.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kopela | kopela | bearers (beams) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kopela-la | kopelala | underneath (?) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koputia | koputia | cut with saw, knife, anything sharp also snap of string | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koputu ~ koputia | koputu ~ koputia | cut up (general) (Vtr) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kori(na) | kori(na) | hip | [corinah [‘Gesäss’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kosi | kosi | cut (with a sawing motion, but using a knife, not a saw) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kosia ~ kosidia | kosia ~ kosidia | cut (with a sawing motion, but using a knife, not a saw) | [M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | koteuka | koteuka | garden of sweet potato; also more generally garden | (see koteukai) | [koteuka-;koteukai AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | koteuka | kóteùka | sweet potato | kaukau | [ko’teika AH] [koteok M] [koteuka AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | koti | koti | hold a court hearing | di koti 'They brought something to court.', idai koti 'one hearing' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kotia ~ kotidia | kotia ~ kotidia | tickle, poke | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kotiai | kotiai | hold court | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koto | koto | be swollen (of stomach, not bag) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koto | kóto | fall but get caught on s.th. high up | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koweu | koweu | bird sp. (bush-hen) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | koβeno | kóβeno | wind from NE that (onshore at R) blows away clouds and rain) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | koβeno | koβeno | k.o. wind, from southeast (from sea, no rain, makes place dry, comes just in June and January; associated with calm sease, white clouds at very top of mountain) | (That's all - just 3 k.o. wind) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kuake | kuáke | rat mouse | [AH] [kuak M] [ko’ake [‘Maus’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kuakua | kúakua | frog (k.o., big, jumps) | (AH has superscript ‘u’s, so maybe [kwakwa]) (onomatopoeic) | [AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kubo | kubo | bend down | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kuia | kuja | any small shoulder bag | [‘Beteltasche’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kuikui | kwíkwí | grasshopper (gen., many kinds), includes crickets "because we dont know the name of cricket" | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kuisi | kuisi | bird sp. (Woodfords rail) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kukau | kúkau | dolphin in groups (jumps with boat, chases tuna) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kukurisi-na | kukurísina | finger(including thumb), toe | [M] [‘finger’ AH] [‘Finger’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kukuru | kúkuru | pigeon sp. (island imperial-pigeon), brown bird that eats galip nuts (kept as pets) | (generic for pigeons?) when tibola said it it sounded lik kuukuru | [DH] [‘Taube’ RB] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kulukia | kúlukía | skink | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kulukulu ~ kulukulu | kulúkulu ~ kúlukùlu | bamboo (generic) | [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kumikumina | kúmikúmina | twilight (you can see but not recognise) | magu tutunaina ‘I’m pushing it (wheelbarrow)’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kuneadi | kúneádi | yellow fin | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kune-la | kúnéla | tail (of dog, pig, fish, bird) | (see sopiti-na); (Mauku says also of birds) | [AH] [‘Fischschwanz’, [‘Schwanz’ ([‘e’ has short vowel diacritic) RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | kuria ~ kuridia | kuria ~ kuridia | Vtr | scrape coconut | kae kuria kae kuridia |
|||||
TTU | Torau | kurikuri | kurikuri | Vitr | scrape coconut | kae kurikuri 'I will scrape coconut' | |||||
TTU | Torau | kuritoa | kúritòa | k.o. banana, for cooking | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kuru | kúru | owl sp. (Solomons hawk-owl) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kurukuruβatuni | kúrukúruβátuni | sea snake with black and blue bands | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kurukuruβatunu | kurukuruβatunu | N | white and black banded sea snake | ||||||
TTU | Torau | kurupi | kúrupi | landslide | |||||||
TTU | Torau | kusisi | kusisi | coconut scraper, sit aside | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -la | la | 3SG.SBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -la | la | thither | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -la | la | NOM | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -la ~ -na | la ~ na | 3SG.POSS | (-na / V[+high]__ ; -la / V[-high]__ | [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | la~laa | la~láa | chiefs | [‘Häuptlinge’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | laa | láa | chief, paramount chief | [láha [‘Häuptling’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | laa~lao | laa~láo | go (redup. form in pres. construction) | [la-láu M] [laa’lao [‘walk’ AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | labelai | labelai | PNLOC | a location near the border between Kieta and Buin. One of the places the Torau first went to. Next to the location Torau itself. Identified by M in 1926 as a Torau speaking village | [M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | lae | lae | ?? | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lagata | lagata | Vtr | ask | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lagat-i-a ~ lagata-dia | lagátia ~ lagatadia | ask | (O = person asked) | [la’ngatia [‘fragen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | lagoo | lagóo | ADV | later | In some egs it is away from the clause periphery between arguments - therefore not conjunction but temporal adverb. | [AH] [lagukaiwario [‘tell’ M] | e-na ruma e lago inau kae kaisi-a 'This house I will buy later.' | |||
TTU | Torau | la-ia | laia | Vtr | take, as in time | Taemu mala losola pae laia. 'It takes some time.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | laia ~ laidia | laia ~ laidia | go go get them go get him | a conjunction but a temporal adverb. | ||||||
TTU | Torau | laisae | laisae | go up | (see laosae) | ma laosae ‘he/she/it went up’; *di laosae | |||||
TTU | Torau | lalajala | lálajála | Vitr | be married (as a state, not get married) | stative | |||||
TTU | Torau | lalasa | lalasa | go in a hidden way, e.g. behind the houses, through the bush, etc. | ma lalasa | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lalauma | lalauma | come (redup. form in pres. construction) | la-lao-ma[la-lau-ma M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lama | lama | come | (historically ma lauma, but not synchronically) | malama AUX ‘he came and...’; magulama ‘I came and...’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | lamia ~ lamidia | lamía ~ lamidia | pity | [‘bedauern, bemitleiden’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lanielo | lánièlo | lord of sea | (=turábana) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lao | lao | go | (not lau) | [AH] [lau M] [lau [‘gehen’ RS] [AS] | magu lao sakesake; ma lao abani ‘go back’; ka lao mánabu ~ káelo mánabu ‘I want to go rest.’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | lao | lao | k.o. pandanus | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lao~lao | lao~lao | N | visitors | idai lao~lao 'one visitor' | |||||
TTU | Torau | laolao | laolao | k.o. fruit and tree, red when ripe, attracts parrots | |||||||
TTU | Torau | laosae | laosae | go up (from village to K + Ms house) | (see laisae) | ma laosae 'She is going up (from village to K + M's house)' | |||||
TTU | Torau | lapana | lapana | lantern | lápana oto salato 'The lantern is hanging.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | laso | laso | be tame | amealalaso[‘zahm’ RS] | ma laso; eta laso gito ‘Hemi tame finis’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | laulausa | laulausa | Vitr | cook with coconut cream | (see lausa) | kae laulausa 'I will cook with coconut cream' | ||||
TTU | Torau | lauma | láuma | come | (not laoma) (monomorphemic) | láu-ma[M] [AH] [laumai [‘kommen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | lauou | lauou | descend | (not *laouou) (/lawou/) | Ranimate ma lauou 'Ranimate is going down.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | lausa | lausa | Vtr | cook with coconut cream | (see laulausa) | kae lausa-ia 'I will cook with coconut cream' | ||||
TTU | Torau | lea | lea | TUN024 | |||||||
TTU | Torau | leako | léako | string, rope | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lee | lee | ADV | immediately | ||||||
TTU | Torau | leea ~ leedia | léea ~ léedia | pass by s.th. or s.o. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lelea | leléa | laugh | [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lelea-in-a | leleáina | laugh at s.o. | [‘verspotten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | leleua ~ leleua ~ leleudia | leléua ~ léleùa ~ leleudia | advise, etc. give good helpful words to, expecting good outcome | [‘ermahnen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lepadoro | lepadoro | go all the way | |||||||
TTU | Torau | leuleu | léulèu | brave doesnt listen | [‘tapfer, mutig’ RS] | na leuleuna ‘he doesn’t think, goes ahead [with] things, he is strong or tough’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | lo | lo | go | (historically ma lao, but not synchronically) | ka lao mánabu ~ káelo mánabu ‘I want to go rest.’; lao lo kikiu ‘go and wash’ *lao kikiu; lao lo aniani ‘go ahead and eat’; malo AUX ‘he went and...’; magulo ‘I went and...’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | -lo | lo | go | |||||||
TTU | Torau | loa | loa | paramount chief, one chief for both R1 and R2, passes to oldest son (who is different clan), but if wants to keep in clan might marry woman of same clan, or nominate nephew as successor | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lobo | lóbo | capsicum | lombo | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lobo sisi | lobo sisi | chilli | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lokaloka | lokáloka | necklace made of aromatic things (also just the things, as in pisu ceremony – used in customs) | [‘Halsband’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | loleu | lóleu | skipjack | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lolo | lólo | mosquito | [M] [RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | loloana | loloana | ?alone | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lolobusu ~ lolobusu | lolóbusu ~ lòlobúsu | straight | (check stress) | [lológusu RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | loloβi-gu | loloβigu | chest (man or woman) inside | |||||||
TTU | Torau | lomoa | lómoa | feel, massage see if banana is ripe press (button on torch) | [‘fühlen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lomolomo | lomolomo | feel soft | (golo ma lamolomo) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lomo-lomoto ~ lomolomoto | lomolómoto ~ lòmolomóto | wet (of floor, anything, body, etc.) | I think 2nd stress pattern is right - 2007 | [AH] [AS] [lomóto [‘nass’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | loni | lóni | silent, crazy, stupid, ignorant | [‘stumm’ RS] | pau loni | |||||
TTU | Torau | losoo | losóo | Vitr | be many | Mosbi anua di losoo ‘Long Mosbi ol pipol i planti.’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | losoola | losóola | many | [AH] [lusola M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | losuru | losuru | fetch liquid (water, kero etc.) | Tíbola atee pae lósurùma | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lotu | lotu | Vitr | pray | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lotui | lotui | pray (V) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | loβo | loβo | N | capsicum | ||||||
TTU | Torau | loβo sisi | loβo sisi | N | chilli | ||||||
TTU | Torau | lukautu ~ lukaut-a | lukautu ~ lukauta | look after | (should be toro) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ma | ma | 3SG.SUBJ.RL | (*ma soare; ma melatu); | [AH] [‘er hat… (Perfekt)’ RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -ma | ma | hither | (directional enclitic) | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -ma | ma | 1EXCPL.POSS | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ma rare ma tou | ma rare ma tou | daybreak | |||||||
TTU | Torau | maako | maako | be cooked | maako atoro | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maana | maana | INCH | open | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maaruala | maaruala | be lucky | (di máruala 'they were lucky') | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mada | mada | 1INCPL.SUBJ.RL | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mae | máe | be ashamed, shy | [mamáe [‘sich schämen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maemae | maemae | N | shame, sensitive grass | (na maemae *ma maemae) |
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TTU | Torau | maerain-a ~ maiaidia | maeraina ~ maiaidia | Vtr | be angry with | (definitely mair-aina) | |||||
TTU | Torau | maere | maere | Vitr | be angry | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maga | maga | not growing or developing | |||||||
TTU | Torau | magamagaunala | magamagaunala | when s.o. doesnt grow | (see maga) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | magara | magára | bow (for arrows) | [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | magea | magea | V | be very good | di magea 'they are very good' | |||||
TTU | Torau | magea(la) | magea(la) | good also means thanks | (used for different things than atoro(la) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | magela soma | magéla soma | thanks; very good | |||||||
TTU | Torau | magota | magóta | old woman | (see kanea) | [AH] [‘old’ M] [‘altes Weib’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ma-gu | mágu | 1SG.SUBJ.RL | [‘ich habe… (Perfekt)’ RS] [AS] | magu abani ‘I replaced it’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | magununa | màgunúna | thigh | [magunuma [‘Schenkel’ RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mai | mai | Vitr | be shy | di mai | |||||
TTU | Torau | maika | maika | common shortened version of numa aika | RP regards this as incorrect, but it's what occurs in RM data and I think in the 2006 texts | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mai-mai | máimai | basket – flat bottom, sides shallow, with no handle, round (for fish, pisu, etc.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | maire | maire | be cross, be angry | di maire ‘They’re cross’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mairi | mairi | left (side) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mairi-na | mairina | left (hand; leg) area to left of | maeriu[AS] | ||||||
maki | ‘mark (Vtr)’ ‘mark (N)’ | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | makumaku | makumaku | small pieces of rubbish or grit that fall | [Pira] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mala | mala | ADV | a little bit | kae mala uaka 'I will work for a little while' magu mala aoso 'I feel a little bit sick' | |||||
TTU | Torau | malae-la | maláela | fathers sisters husband, mothers brother, sisters child (male speaking), husbands sisters child, mothers sisters son (female speaking), fathers sisters husband (female speaking), mothers sisters husband (male or female speaking), spouses mothers brother | ("uncle") | [‘mein Oheim’ RS] [Cms] [malae-u AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | malagani | málagàni | edible fern (edible fronds) | [malagana [‘spinach’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | malasu | malásu | defecate | [‘notdurft verrichten’ RS] | magu malásu | |||||
TTU | Torau | malonu | málonu | mangoe | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mama | mama | chew betelnut | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamaa | mamáa | yawn | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ma-magota | mamagota | old women | me-magota[‘altes Weib’ (pl) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamai | mamai | N, ADJ | shy | ena maimai; e na maimai; ia maimai | [mai mai ‘Krokodil’ RB] | ||||
TTU | Torau | mama-i-a | mamaia | chew (betelnut) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ma-malae-la | mamalaela | uncles | [‘meine Oheime’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamamanuanina | mámamanúanína | N | fontanelle | (e-na mámamanúanína) | |||||
TTU | Torau | mamanu(na) | mamanu(na) | fontenelle | [mamanuna [‘brain’ AS] [mamanuana 'heart' M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamanuna | màmanúna | N | fontanelle | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamaroa | màmaróa | orphan | (idai mamaroa, but usually tabi mamaroa) (*di mamaroa) |
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TTU | Torau | mamasa | mamása | dry, completely dried up | atee ma mamása 'The river is dry.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamata | mamáta | Vitr | wake up | [‘aufstehen vom Schlaf’ RS] [kaimemata ‘wake’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | mamate | mámate | be dead | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mamau | mámau | k.o. ant (small) | (kádiki and mámau are classes of ants with different types) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mamioko | màmióko | pawpaw | |||||||
TTU | Torau | manabu | mánabu | rest | malolo | dapa manabu 'Let's rest.' kae mánabu 'I will rest.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | manarola | mánaròla | coconut, completely brown | [‘Kokosnuss, ganz junge’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mande | mande | Monday | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mane | mane | money | |||||||
TTU | Torau | manekau | manekau | eagle sp. (Sanfords eagle; variable goshawk) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mani | máni | 1EXCPL.SUBJ.RL | [‘wir haben… (Perfekt)’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -mani | mani | 1EXCPL.OBJ | [a’lomani [‘…hat uns gemacht’; a’loimani [‘hat es uns gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -mani | mani | 1EXCPL.POSS | [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -mani | mani | 1EXCPL.SUBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mani-pa | mánipa | 1EXCPL.SUBJ.IRR | [‘wir… (Futur)’ RS] [AS] | manipa isi ‘we will singsing with panpipes’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | mano | mano | calm (of sea) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | manu | manu | be calm (of person) | [Oseose loloana story] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maraabu | mara.abu | plantation | (four syllables) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maraela | maráela | long | [maraila M] [‘hoch, lang’ RS] [AS] [maráda AH] | inau na maraela; *maraegu | |||||
TTU | Torau | marakopa | màrakópa | small portable altar for sacrificing pig etc. - it has a fire | |||||||
TTU | Torau | maremare | maremare | k.o. tree on beach, “rain tree” | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mari | mári | Vitr | have sore and red eyes from too much sun and salt air, especially from being on the sea | ma-gu mari. ' I am sore-eyed from the sun.' mata-gu ma mari. 'My eyes are sore from the sun.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | mari | mári | N | sore and red eyes from too much sun and salt air, especially from being on the sea | mari ma alo-au 'sore eyes from the sun are affecting me.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | mari | mári | N | k.o. bag, long, for taking things to the garden | *maari | [‘Sack’ ([‘a’ has macron and seems to have accent) RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | mari-agara | màriágara | possum “crawling bird” (not k.o. bird)_ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | marii | maríi | bird (generic, inc. bats) | mári[M] [AH] [ma’rii, ma’ri [‘Vogel’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maromagara ~ maromagara | máromágara ~ màromagára | sea eagle, a large bird that dives for fish | (variation wàromagára) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maru | maru | k.o. leaf, used for fishing for luck by men only, put on rod or line | |||||||
TTU | Torau | marua | marua | middle (?) | (in arimaruala in Tapi Samasama story) (arimaruada etc. but *marua(la)) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | masi-masini | másimasìni | very bloody | [‘rot’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | masini | masíni | blood | [AH] [masin M] [‘Blut’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | masini-na | màsinína | blood | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | masuru | másuru | be full (after eating) | masúru[‘satt sein’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mata-keto-la | mataketola | N | a sideways glance | def. POSS suffix, def 1 word | |||||
TTU | Torau | matala | mátala | N | face | ||||||
TTU | Torau | matala | matala | morning star | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mata-la | mátala | eye | matá-la[M] [AH] [‘Auge, geesicht’ RS] [matalla RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | matani uda | matáni udá | eye of the fire (time fire comes up) | ai bilong faia | [‘Asche’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | matasaβa | màtasáβa | area between beach and íirisi | |||||||
TTU | Torau | matasuru-na | mátasùruna | tears | |||||||
TTU | Torau | matate | matate | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | matate | matáte | emerge; show up; rise (of sun) arrive | [‘aufgehen (Sonne)’ RS] [AS] | magu matate; ogara ma matate | |||||
TTU | Torau | matau(na) | matau(na) | right (hand, side, etc.) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mataβaβana | màtaβáβana | k.o. fish, smaller fish in 2nd fish photo | MM wrote this down. I thought Cyril had said màtaváuana. | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mate | máte | die be dead | [AH] [‘sterben’ RS] | mà ka mámate ‘it’s not dead’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | mati | máti | N + V | low tide, dry reef | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mati | mati | N + V | low tide, dry reef; shallow, of sea or river where it enters sea | (elo na mati, elo ma mati) | [‘reef’ AS] | elo ma mati 'It's low tide (now)'; narola elo ta mati 'Yesterday it was low tide'; elo na mati 'it's shallow' ma máti ‘It’s high tide.’ máti ma táu ‘The low tide is dry reef. (ie. the tide is very low)’ | |||
TTU | Torau | mati-boni | mátibóni | dry reef at night, also season when there is a dry reef at night | |||||||
TTU | Torau | matiou | matiou | low tide | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mati-rare | mátiráre | dry reef in day, also season when there is a dry reef in the day | |||||||
TTU | Torau | matua | mátua | ready | [‘reif’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | matuala | màtuála | devil,spirit (some spirits of dead people, others not), ghost | ['ghost' M] | matuala gòreáika(la) ‘many devils’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | matuala geesi | matuala geesi | big devil, frightens children, some bigger than a house | |||||||
TTU | Torau | matuala kiki | matuala kiki | small devil, maybe ghost of child and so on | ; | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maukadiki | máukadíki | k.o. ant (lives on particular tree, k.o. kadiki) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | maukadiki | máukadíki | k.o. tree that always has máukadíki (ant) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mauku | máuku | hut | magu lao sakesake; *magu sakesake | ||||||
TTU | Torau | maunai | máunai | crocodile | [M] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mausu | máusu | sleep | N and V | [AH] [kaimausu M] [‘mausu, [‘mausa [‘schlafen’, [‘Schlaf’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | me- | me | ?? | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mea-la | méala | tongue | [M] [AH] [me’angu RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | meatia ~ meatadia | meátia ~ meatadia | lick | [‘lecken’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | medaa | medáa | flying fox (k.o. marii) | [M] [AH] [me’daa [‘Fliegender Hund’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | melatu | melatu | weak | ma melatu; *na melatu | ma melatu ; *na melatu | |||||
TTU | Torau | meleni | méleni | watermelon | |||||||
TTU | Torau | menaga(-la) | menága(la) | fat, grease | menáka(-la)[me’nagala AH] [me’naka [‘fett’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mera(-la) | mera(la) | vagina, female genitals | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mesara | mesara | bloodstain | |||||||
TTU | Torau | metee | metée | coconut (dry nut) | "not mete, if it was it would be pronounced méte but its metée" RP | [‘coconut’ [metee M] [‘metee RS] [meteeh RB] [metee AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | metomo | métomo | k.o. fish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | metomu | métomu | k.o. fish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | midi | midi | k.o. creeper that grows on trees | ['vine' M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | migu-a ~ migu-dia | mígua ~ migudia | bend, fold (e.g. legs, sheets, chair) | [‘biegen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mimi | mími | urine, urinate | [‘Harn, sein Wasser machen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mimideke | mimideke | bird sp. (Solomons flowerpecker) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mimisi | mímisi | red shell money strings of shell money (still used) | (one of three kinds – names of others not yet recorded) | e ina aguna buku ‘this is my book’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | misimisinari | mìsimìsinári | red | (alternate term for red; see ísoíso) ("from 'missionary' because of red skin." Sounds like folk etymology to me.) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mode | mode | soft (of firewood only) | (mai ma mode, mai na mode) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | modela | modela | modicum, a little bit of s.th. | (*idai mode) | modela patereau 'Give me a bit.' na modela 'It's liklik tru.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | moderare | moderáre | morning until about 11 | [AH] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | moi | mói | firewood | [‘Holz’, [‘Baum’ RS] [moigessi [‘Baum’ RB] | magu kaku moi 'I'm chopping firewood' | |||||
TTU | Torau | moiara | moiara | stick with a sharp end for making holes in the ground for planting taro, kaukau, yam, etc. | (no *modedia etc.) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mokolo | mókolo | turtle (generic) | [M] [mokólo [‘Schildkröte’ RS] [mokolo [‘Schildkröte’ RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mokoru | mokoru | Nicobar pigeon | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mola | mola | canoe (klinker-built) | (see mona) | [‘Plankenboot’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | molina | molina | semen | |||||||
TTU | Torau | momolenu | mòmolénu | green/yellow | (no other meaning) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mona | móna | N | plank canoe (no longer made) | (see mola) | |||||
TTU | Torau | morita | moríta | cold (of water, weather, anything); cold to touch | (also skin, etc., but not internal feeling(c.f. rorogoro)) | [AH] ['soft' M] | rare ma morita 'the day is cold' rare morita 'cold day' | ||||
TTU | Torau | moro-la | morola | arse, bottom | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mosimosi | mósimósi | tomorrow | (‘day after tomorrow’ is arisa) | [AH] [‘tomorrow’; [‘day after tomorrow’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | moso | moso | bird sp. (uniform swiftlet; white rumped swiftlet) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mosokia ~ mosokidia | mosokia ~ mosokidia | kiss s.o. | edi ari mosoki | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mosuna-la | mosunála | meat, flesh | [AH] [mō’sunanguRS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | motaia ~ motadia | motaia ~ motadia | Vtr | bombard | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mu | mú | 2SG.SUBJ.RL, 2PL.SUBJ.RL | [‘du hast… (Perfekt)’; [‘ihr habt… (Perfekt)’ ([‘u’ has macron and accent) RS] [AS] | mu alobela ‘You hurry up!’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | -mu | mu | 2PL.OBJ | [a’lomu [‘…hat euch gemacht’; a’loimu [‘hat es euch gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -mu | mu | 2PL.POSS | [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -mu | mu | 2PL.SUBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mu~mudi-na | mu~mudina | after, behind, the behind of | [‘presently’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mu~muni | mu~muni | Vitr | hide, be hidden | [‘hide s.th.’ AS] | magu mumuni ‘I hide’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | mua | múa | louse | [M] [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | mudi-na | mudina | the back of, the behind of, after, behind | (*mudi) | Tapi Samasama story | inau e mudinai kae kaisia 'I'll take it after her.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | muko | múko | turtle, similar to ráuráu but head short | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mumudi | múmudi | after | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mumuro | múmuro | k.o. shell money, different to mimisi | |||||||
TTU | Torau | mumuru | múmuru | k.o. shell money | (Cyril has never seen, no longer used) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | muni ~ muna ~ mun-i-dia | muni ~ muna ~ munidia | Vtr | hide s.th. | golo ma muni 'He hid the banana.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | musi | musi | stale (esp. of fish) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | muumuni | muumuni | N | hide and seek | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -n | n | APPLIC | (not V, magu lao sakesake ‘I went quickly’, but *magu sakesake, but note APPLIC therefore is enclitic in line 92 of Pira story) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | na | na | (na soare; *na melatu) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -na | na | SG | (indicates sg possessum!) | [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -na | na | see -la | |||||||
TTU | Torau | nabaa | nabáa | V | spear (fish etc.) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nabaia ~ nabadia | nabaia ~ nabadia | shoot with spear, stone, etc., may or may not pierce | |||||||
TTU | Torau | nabutu | nabútu | heavy | [M] [AH] [na’botu[‘schwer’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | naepe | náepe | knife | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nakia | nákia | ginger | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nakusa | nakusa | fall on top of | |||||||
TTU | Torau | nalo | nalo | ?? EXHST | inau waka nalo fo kiloko kae asoma ‘I will finish work at 4 o’clock’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | name | name | breathe | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | namini | namini | belong to | bilong | (= amini) | |||||
TTU | Torau | namu-a ~ namudia | namua ~ namudia | V | taste (food) | [‘taste (of food)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | namu-na atoro | namuna atoro | N | delicious | [‘wohlschmeckend’ RS] | ‘taste bilong good’ namuna na atoro(la) | ||||
TTU | Torau | namu-na saka | namuna saka | N | bad tasting | [‘schlechtschmeckend’ RS] | ‘taste bilong bad’ namuna na sakanina | ||||
TTU | Torau | nanini | nánini | large k.o. arrow sharp object used for fighting; big spear | [AH] [nanin M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nano | nano | fly (insect) | [M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | naolo | naolo | feelings; sense s.th., wake up, feel | (see alaola) (au na naolo ‘emotions, feeling on body, wake up’) | [‘aufwachen’ RS] | eina naolo ‘his feelings’; magu naolo ‘I woke up’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | nara | nára | duck sp. (Pacific black duck) | (generic for ducks, wild only) | [DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | narasa | nárasa | scorpion shell | ("But should be called Nárasa, but now they call it narasa. They don't pronounce the 'g'.") | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nari | nári | Canarium almond nut and tree | galip (?? wantaim diwai) | [‘Tahitian chestnut’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | narina | narina | testicles | |||||||
TTU | Torau | nari-na | narina | seed of any fruit (watermelon, pawpaw etc) | [nárina 'heart' AH] [narína ‘Frucht’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | naro | naro | Vitr | be ready to harvest (of yams only) | ui ma naro 'The yams are ready.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | narola | nárola | yesterday | monomorphemic - *naro | [AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nasi | nasi | cloth for squeezing coconut, term used in Tarara and Vito | |||||||
TTU | Torau | nasi ~ nasia ~ nasidia | nasi ~ nasia ~ nasidia | Vtr | pull with a rope (fish, car) | [AS] | inau na papoarina nasialai ‘I’m not good at catching fish’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | nasua | nasua | eat sugar cane chew sugar cane | [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | natoo | natóo | Vitr | be enough | (ma natoo 'that's enough') | Natoo! 'That's enough!' | ||||
TTU | Torau | naβu | naβu | stay underwater holding breath | [‘ruhen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nemi | nemi | reef thats exposed at high tide | drairip | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nena | néna | bird sp. (brahminy kite) | (sikogia?) | [DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nenei | nenei | k.o. tree | (??tharn TP/Eng) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni | ni | associative particle | clitic. stress seems to place it in word with preceding V, but speakers can separate them when enunciating phrases. see amini, namini | kanea ni dedeawa ‘man bilong long ago’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | nia | nia | mau like thing in swamp | |||||||
TTU | Torau | niaka | niáka | my mother mother, fathers brothers wife, mothers sister | (irregular 1SGP form. see nia-la) | [M] [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nia-la | níala | mother | (no regular 1SGP form. see niaka) | [AH] [ni’anguRS] [RB] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ni-da | nida | we (inclusive) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-da a-da tani-na-rua | nida ada taninarua | we two (inclusive) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-da ia episa | nida ia episa | we three (inclusive) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | niga-la | nigala | fathers sisters son, fathers brothers son (female speaking), mothers brothers son (male or female speaking), first cousin | [Cms] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | niganiaka | niganiaka | long ago | niganiaka vito magu to tuu ‘long ago I used to live in Vito’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nikama | nikama | ?? (archaic word) | (in song from Sugiaiworo story) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nima | níma | five | [M] [RS] [‘niima AH] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-mani | nímani | we, us (EXC) | [AH] [ni’mani [‘wir, uns’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nimanidi | nimanidi | we (EXCPL) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-mu | nímu | you (pl) | [‘ihr, euch’ (one listing has macron and acute over i) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-mu a-mu tani-na-rua | nimu amu taninarua | you two | [AH] [ni-mu a-mu tani-na-rua [‘you two’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-mu ia episa | nimu ia episa | you three | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-mu-di | nímudi | you (pl) | [AH] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ni-mudi ia episa | nimudi ia episa | we three (exclusive) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nini- | nini | Vtr | ?alone bound form occurring in two compounds only means s.th. like have feelings | Cannot occur in isolation *nini. (Mauku said ‘between’, ‘each other’. Medaa isina Maromagara story notes say = ‘alone’) | |||||
TTU | Torau | ni-nia-la | níniàla | mothers | [‘meine Mütter’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | niniatoro | niniatoro | N | positive feelings | idai niniatoro | |||||
TTU | Torau | niniatoro ~ niniatori-a | niniatoro ~ niniatoria | Vitr, Vtr | have positive feelings, have positive feelings towards s.o. or s.th. | niatoro | ma niniator-i-o 'He has good feelings towards you.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | ninisakai | ninisakai | N | ill feelings | idai ninisakai | |||||
TTU | Torau | ninisakai ~ ninisakai-a | ninisakai ~ ninisakaia | Vitr, Vtr | have ill feelings, have ill feelings towards s.o. or s.th. | *nisakai | ma ninisakai-a | ||||
TTU | Torau | nio-la | níola | tooth, teeth | (see nioto-gu) | [M] [AH] [ni’oŋu [‘Mund’ RS] [nioguraus [‘mouth’ M] [niola [‘Mund’ RB][AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nioto-la | nìotóla | mouth | (see nío-la) (interchangeable with nonotola) | [‘tooth’ [M] [AH] [ni’oŋu [‘Mund’ RS] [nioguraus [‘mouth’ M] [niola [‘Mund’ RB][AS] [niotou AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nisa | nisa | nit | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nogolo | nógolo ~ nogólo | giving highest honour to the laa, the practice of giving the first of every copy etc. to the chief to honour him | (seems to be N) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | noni | nóni | N | k.o. tree, juice from fruit used as medicine for many illnesses, leaves used to apply to sprains and breaks to heat skin and prevent blood clots | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nonoto-la | nònotola | mouth | (nònotó-gu or nótogu, if 1st no dropped then initial stress) (interchangeable with niotola) | [nonotó-la AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nuba | núba | level ground | [‘Ebene’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | numa aika | numa aika | if he had gone, but didnt (past counterfactual marker) | see maika. numa = 'could have', aika = 'didn't' | [Pira] | maika apogu tapae lao, inau kae lao ba 'If my friend had gone I would've gone.' w.o. maika this means 'if my friend goes I will go' | ||||
TTU | Torau | numaala | numáala | deep | [lomála [‘tief’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | nunala | núnala | walk | (see kakaana) (syn. sobii) | [núnāla [‘Sand’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nunu | nunu | earthquake | |||||||
TTU | Torau | nunu-na | núnuna | shadow image in photo soul-spirit that leaves bodies when dead reflection | (nunugu not really used for photo, it’s like it’s really part of you, like shadow or reflection) (see poto, pitsa) | [‘shadow’ M] [‘nunūŋu [‘Seele’ RS] | nunu lo toruia ‘look at’; nunugu magu toruia ‘I looked at my picture’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | nunupi | nunúpi | be dark | V (see mutana) | [‘dunkel’ RS] ['fight' M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | nuso | núso | squid | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ŋaiŋai | ŋaiŋai | name of Torau language | /ŋaiŋai/ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | o | o | CNJ | or | ||||||
TTU | Torau | o | o | EXCLM | oh! | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -o | o | 2SG.OBJ | [a’loo [‘…hat dich gemacht’; a’loinio [‘hat es dir gemacht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | obaka | obaka | Vtr | stab | ||||||
TTU | Torau | obaki-a ~ obaki-dia | obakia ~ obakidia | Vtr | pierce (with arrow, knife, spear, paper with pen, etc) | (definitely ‘pierce’) | [‘shoot (arrow)’ AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | obobokadaka | obóbokadáka | scorpion | |||||||
TTU | Torau | obobokadaka | òbobòkadáka | thing like a yabbie, red, lives in creeks and mangrove lagoons, in holes, crawls around at night looking for food, tail like a prawn, very aggressive, can sting, and big ones are poisonous | |||||||
TTU | Torau | oburu ~ oburaina | óburu ~ óburàina | force in, like pushing a cassava stick into the ground | [Pira] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ode | ode | genital (male) | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | odela | odela | penis | |||||||
TTU | Torau | odoro, odoro | odóro, ódoro | Vitr | be true, be correct | ma odoro 'He's right.' di ódoro soma ‘They (those things) are very true’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | odorola | òdoróla | ADJ | TRUE | [M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | odoro-la | odórola | N | truth | [odóodola [‘wahr’ RS] | na odorola 'It's true, it's correct.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | ogara | ogára | sun | [M] [AH] [ongara RS] [ogana RB] [AS] | ogara ma matate | |||||
TTU | Torau | ogara-i ~ ogara-dia | ogarai ~ ogaradia | put in the sun | [‘say’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ogata | ógata | return home | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ogo | ogo | N | wave | (see elo, kasora) | [‘sea’ M] | ||||
TTU | Torau | ogo-ogo mola | ogoogo mola | throat (inside and outside) | [‘throat (exterior)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oi | ói | N | be tired tiring work | magu ói ‘I’m tired’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | oku | oku | Vtr | call | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oku | oku | k.o. seashell | |||||||
TTU | Torau | oku-a ~ oku-dia | okúa ~ okudia | call | [‘rufen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ola | ola | be on the hook (of fish) | (see aolaia) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ola | ola | V | get caught (in net, eg. fish) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ola | ola | V | spread out (as wings) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ola~olabu | olá~olabu | fearful, timid | [‘furchtsam’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ola~olabu | ola~olabu | Vitr | be habitually fearful | Pa-ka ola~olabu. 'Don't be a fearful person.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | olabu | olabu | Vitr | fear (s.o.) be afraid | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | olai ~ olai-la | olai ~ olaila | pus, mucus, snot | [‘pus’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ola-la | olála | area between navel and pubic area | (actually olabu?) | [‘fürchten’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | olasia ~ olasadia | olasia ~ olasadia | V | open s.th. | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oloina ~ oloidia | oloina ~ oloidia | push s.th. into s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | olomo | olomo | six | [M] [o’nomo RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | omado | omado | olsem | (see omano, umano, umado – variant pronunciations, different speakers have different forms) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | omana | omana | olsem | |||||||
TTU | Torau | omano | omano | olsem | (see omado, umano, umado – variant pronunciations, different speakers have different forms) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ome-na ~ ome-dia | omena ~ omedia | praise excessively overstate how good or big something is exaggerate, but only positively | oméla[‘loben’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ono | óno | k.o. fish, small fish in fish photo | [‘Welle’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | onou | onou | look after | |||||||
TTU | Torau | onou-ia | onóuia | go and see if can help | lukautim, lukim | [ho’nouia [‘denken’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | onu | ónu | full (pot, jug, etc.), full to brim with water, kerosene, rice etc (not of body, from eating) | [‘full (of water)’ AS] [maónu AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oo | óo | yes | (falling intonation) | [AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | oogi | óogi | Vtr | decorate face | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ooi | ooi | V | be tired | isóogu ma óoi 'my body is tired', magu ooi 'I am tired'. | |||||
TTU | Torau | ooi | ooi | N | tiring work (something that is hard work or tiring or repetitive or boring) | na ooi turarema e tadapa ooaida [CHECK FORM] 'It's tiring when we are always doing this.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | opi | ópi | V + N | vomit | [RS] [AS] | magu opi; opina ‘his vomit’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | opi-n-a | opína | vomit up s.th. | [‘zurückkotzen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ora ~ ora-ia ~ ora-dia | óra ~ oraia ~ oradia | smell s.th. | (MM says oora has two 'o's but oraia has one 'o') | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ora~ora | ora~ora | smell be smelly | (/oraora/ MM said) | [‘smell (tr)’ AS] | lala ma oraora | ||||
TTU | Torau | oro | oro | V + N | pubic and armpit hair (?), have pubic and armpit hair | (strictly wuru is not pubic and armpit hair, but now people use it) | |||||
TTU | Torau | ose | óse | V | paddle | RP says ose new word for 'to paddle'. Actually word for 'a paddle'. "'to paddle' where original Torau people came from in Solomons is galo" | kae ose | ||||
TTU | Torau | ose | óse | N | paddle | [‘hose [‘Ruder’ RS] [AS] | aguna ose | ||||
TTU | Torau | osoma-in-a ~ osoma-i-dia | osomaina ~ osomaidia | throw (anything) throw away | (OBJ = THEME) | [‘throw (stone)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | osom-i-a ~ osomo-dia | osomia ~ osomodia | throw at something | (OBJ = GOAL) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ososomo | osósomo | N | k.o.snake - long thin, brown, jumps, very quick | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ota | ota | place | (syn. amata) | [‘sago’ M] | marií adina ota 'place of birds bilong ol pisin' | ||||
TTU | Torau | oto | oto | be hanging | lápana oto salato 'The lantern is hanging.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oto ~ ota | oto ~ ota | Vitr, Vtr | plant | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oto ~ otoina ~ otoidia | oto ~ otóina ~ otoidia | hang s.th. | [‘aufhängen, hängen (trans.)’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | otona | otóna | call s.th. | esanala magu otóna 'I called his name.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ou | ou | ? | óo [‘cough’ AH] [‘ou RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -ou | ou | descend (from garden, from K + Ms house to beach) | (see -uou – check) (-ou and -sae not used for along the coast) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | -ou | ou | downward | sobii-ou 'walk down' tu-ou 'sit down' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | oβa | oβa | rubbish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pa | pa | 2SG.SUBJ.IRR, 2PL.SUBJ.IRR | [‘du… (Futur)’; [‘ihr… (Futur)’ ([‘u’ has macron and accent) RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pa | pa | IRR | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pa | pa | father | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pa~pa-dia | pá~padia | all fathers | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pa~pa-la | pá~pala | fathers | (check stress) | [‘meine Väter’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | paato | paato | domestic duck (not k.o. nare) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | paau | páau | stone | (ate pauna stone of river (river stone) also head of river)) (minimal pair for lenth with pau) | páo[pao M] [paoAH] [RS] [pahuRB] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | paau | páau | wound, injury, sore | (minimal pair for lenth with pau) | páo[‘Wunde’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pada-ia ~ pada-dia | padáia ~ padadia | measure try, test | (mainly ‘try’) | [‘messen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | padala | pádala | slippery cabbage | aibika | ||||||
TTU | Torau | padere | pádere | roof | |||||||
TTU | Torau | padu | pádu | k.o. big mangrove | |||||||
TTU | Torau | padu~padu | padu~padu | mangroves | padupaduai [‘mangrove’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pae | páe | cut nut | pao | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pae ~ pe | pae ~ pe | 3SG.SUBJ.IRR | [‘ihr… (Futur)’ ([‘u’ has macron and accent) RS] [AS] [bai [‘er… (Futur)’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | paea ~ paedia | paea ~ paedia | break branch, break branch down from tree | |||||||
TTU | Torau | paginaua | paginaua | rosewood tree | (in R2 photo) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pago | pago | N | batch of mash | ida pago 'one batch of mash', erua pago 'two batches of mash' | |||||
TTU | Torau | pago~a ~ pago-dia | pago~a ~ pagodia | Vtr | mash | (*pago as V) | pisu lo pagoa, pisu ma pago-a | ||||
TTU | Torau | pagopago | pagopago | mash/pound cassava with pounder in mortar | pisu lama pagopago | ||||||
TTU | Torau | paia ~ paidia | paia ~ paidia | wrap cover a sore with a bandaid, cover food with a cloth, etc. | [‘einwickeln’ RS] [‘wrap (a parcel)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | painapa | pàinápa | pineapple | |||||||
TTU | Torau | Paisi | Paisi | PNLOC | Paisi (a place in the Shortlands) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | paka | páka | my father father, fathers brother, mothers sisters husband | (used for 1SGP only - see pa-la) | [M] [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pake | pake | pumpkin (leaf and fruit eaten) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pake-a ~ pakedia | pakea ~ pàkedía | demolish (a house etc.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pakela ~ pakedia | pákela ~ pakedia | one side/two sides of coconut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pako | pako | be hot, feel hot (of tea or body) | [‘hard’ M(!)] [AS] | ma pako; magu pako ‘I feel hot’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | pakoo | pakoo | k.o. wooden club | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pala | pala | Vtr | fasten | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pa-la | pála | father, fathers brother, mothers sisters husband | (used for all person/number categories except 1SGP - see paka) (no pagu - paka | [‘paala AH] [pa’ala RS] [paala RB] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pala-ia ~pala-dia | paláia ~paladia | tie up put in jail fasten | [‘binden’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | palo | palo | you go and... | |||||||
TTU | Torau | palo | palo | fasten (Vtr) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | panipa | panipa | variant of manipa | (= manipa, some people do say panipa) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | papagi-a ~ papagi-dia | papágia ~ papagidia | search for; marry | def. no *pagi (iala magu papagi, iala magu papagia) |
[‘suchen’ RS] [AS] | paa~papagi-o=e-la 'He was looking for you.' Jane pae papagi-o 'Jane will marry you.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | pa-pako | pápako | warm, hot (of water) | [‘paapako AH] [‘warm’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | papala | papála | tie many things | |||||||
papala | pá~pa-la | ‘fathers’ | (check stress) | [‘meine Väter’ RS] | |||||||
TTU | Torau | papa-la ~ papaala | papála ~ papáala | short | (na papaala, ia papaala, *ma papáala, ma papáa | [pa’paala AH] [M] [pa’paala RS] [papáala AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | papaoto | papaoto | V | plant | ||||||
TTU | Torau | papara | papára | some | [‘other’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | paparema | papárema | bush | [paparima M] [‘Wald’ RS] [haparemo [‘Wald’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | paparema geesi | paparema geesi | forest big bush | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | papauka | papaúka | twins | |||||||
TTU | Torau | papauka bopodo | papauka bopodo | first born | |||||||
TTU | Torau | papauka lagoma podo | papauka lagoma podo | second born | |||||||
TTU | Torau | papetema | papétema | V | baptise | (not double e) (ma papétema) (one instance in notes has final 'e') | |||||
TTU | Torau | papoari-na | papoarina | incapable, incompetent poor | (really ‘incapable, incompetent’, but also ‘poor’) | [‘armer’ RS] | ma papoari; na papoarina; baina papoarina; inau na papoarina nasialai ‘I’m not good at catching fish’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | paro-la | párola | feather | [AH] [‘wing’; [‘feather’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | parua ~ parudia | párua ~ pàrudía | build a building | (ruma ma párua) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pasa | pása | swim | [‘paasa AH] [‘schwimmen’ RS] | ma arapa ‘he went across (a river or a road)’; ma pasa arapa ‘swim across’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | pasuaboni | pàsuabóni | wind from south, makes sea rough | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pasuaboni | pasuaboni | k.o. wind, often comes in late afternoon, comes from northeast | ("boni = night. Don't know what pasua means.") (That's all - just 3 k.o. wind) (Pasuaboni associated with very rough seas and dark clouds, often rains.) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pataalo | patáalo | things, stuff (mass N); something, thing; belongings, possessions (including clothes, laundry, dishes, etc.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | patalo beau | patálo beáu | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | patuku | patuku | be blunt | ma patuku | ||||||
TTU | Torau | patuku-na ~ patuku-dia | pàtukúna ~ patukudia | blunt not sharp | [‘stumpf’ (listed with adjectives so not [‘stump’) RS] | na patukuna | |||||
TTU | Torau | patukuri | patukúri | black sea urchin with short spines | |||||||
TTU | Torau | patulu | pátulu | club | potúlu [‘spear’ M] [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pau | pau | head | (minimal pair for length with paau) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pau-na | páuna | head, headwater | ate pauna stone of river (river stone) also head of river) | [pa’una AH] [pau-u M] [‘Kopf, Quelle’ RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pautaina ~ pautaidia | pautaina ~ pautaidia | Vtr | plant | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pauto | pauto | Vitr | plant | (ui) kae pauto 'I will plant (yams)' | |||||
TTU | Torau | pautunu-na | pàutunúna | knee | [M] [pautun’nuna AH] [pautununuRB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pe | pe | 3SG.SUBJ.IRR | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pea | pea | defecate | pekpek | paelo pea 'Go and pekpek.' bebi ma pea 'The baby has defecated.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | peasa | peása | pray ask for s.th. | [‘beten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | peas-i-a | peásia | ask, request | (OBJ is GOAL, not thing asked) | [‘bitten’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | peeni ~ peenia ~ peenidia | peeni ~ peenia ~ peenidia | Vtr | paint | (min. pair with peni) | |||||
TTU | Torau | peko | péko | want, like, love | (see keria) | [‘wollen, wünschen’ RS] | edi ari pekoi ‘they like each other’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | peleita | peleita | plate | (can be 4 syllables) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | peni | peni | pen | (min. pair with peeni) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pepeaka | pèpeáka | unripe; raw, not fully cooked (e.g. if taken out of a pot and not yet cooked) | [‘grün’, bepeaka [‘grüne (rohe)’ RS] | iala ma pepeaka, iala na pepeaka 'The fish is raw.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | piaropi ~ piaropi | pìarópi ~ piáropi | k.o. vegetable | pitpit | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pidani | pidáni | earth, ground, land | [AH] [pidan [‘earth (soil)’ M] [‘Erde’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | piina | piina | V | shoot | (*pinaa) | |||||
TTU | Torau | pikala | píkala | mothers brothers daughter (male speaking), fathers sisters daughter (male speaking) | (RD PL) | [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pike golo | pike gólo | PK golo | k.o. banana, for cooking, tastes like PK chewing gum, short, when you eat its sticky | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pile | pile | be thirsty | (atee) magu pile 'I am thirsty (for water).' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pima | pima | Vtr | block water, dam | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pima~pima | pima~pima | Vitr | block water, dam | see pima | |||||
TTU | Torau | pina | pina | thunder | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pinati | pinati | peanut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pipia | pipía | rubbish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pipia ~ pipidia | pipía ~ pìpidía | Vtr | block s.th., or s.o.s way | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pirii | pìríi | door | pìríi ma tabébe 'the door is open' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pirite | pirite | bird sp. (willie wagtail) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pisini | písini | Tok Pisin | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pisu | pisu | mashed banana, cassava, taro with coconut cream, wrapped in banana leaves and cooked in fire or on sabani | /piSu/ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pita | pita | step on s.th. step | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pita sai | pita sái | step up onto s.th. | laoou ‘go from beach into the water’; oseou ‘paddle from sea to beach’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pita-ia | pitaia | step on s.th. stand on s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pitapitaani-na | pítapítaánina | foot (sole only) | (see kakaruku-enele-la) | pita-pitani-gu[M] [pita anina (woraufer steht) [‘Fuss’ RB] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pitsa | pitsa | photo | (see poto, nunu) | pitsagu ‘photo of me’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | po~podo-auru | po~podoauru | young men (lit. be.born-new) | (see abaisa) | [‘young’ M] [‘junger Mann’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | podo-auru | pódoàuru | young man, young boy, 12 yrs up until married, puberty onwards (growing beard) | (not as name suggests newborn) | [‘junger Mann’ (pl) RS] [‘young man’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pogui | pógui | V | unclear (of mind) (of s.o. who doesnt understand, or of toddler) | [‘dumm’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | poka | póka | Vitr | lie, deceive | (also pókapóka) | [‘false’ M] [‘lügen’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | poka-ia | pokáia | lie to s.o. | [‘belügen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pokopokotua-la | pokopokotúala | elbow | [M] [AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | poloa ~ polodia | polóa ~ polodia | cover | [‘bedecken’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pologau | pologau | ridgecap | ruma kopelala ‘underneath of house’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | polopolo | pólopòlo | game where one team covers one of their members heads (at least) and the other team has to guess who it is | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ponde | ponde | Thursday | |||||||
TTU | Torau | poodo | póodo | Vitr | be born, come into existence | [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | poodo | poodo | Vappl, ?Vtr | have, belong to | inau kokoleu lolosóla ma poodoinau 'I have many chickens.' inau kokoleu lolosóla poodo 'I have many chickens.' |
|||||
TTU | Torau | popo | pópo | hornbill (Blyths hornbill) | [DH] [porpor M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | popoa | popóa | Vitr | make a noise | (not popooa, *poa, no *popodia) | |||||
TTU | Torau | poporaka | pòporáka | roam around bush (for no particular reason) | (*poraka) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | poraka | poraka | urueva | |||||||
TTU | Torau | poro | poro | KNB017 | |||||||
TTU | Torau | poroku | poróku | frog | |||||||
TTU | Torau | posa ~ posaia ~ posa-ia | posa ~ posáia ~ posadia | break | see taposa | [‘zerbrechen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | posi matau | posi matau | have sense | gat save | (Pira: posi=chest, matau ‘have knowledge’. See notes in transcript of line 80 of Komakomasa Enelela story.) | |||||
TTU | Torau | posi-na | posina | chest (outside) (of man or woman) | (see lolovi-gu) | [‘chest (of man)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | poto | poto | photo | (see pitsa, nunu) | potogu ‘photo of me’; aguna poto ‘my photo (of s.th. else)’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | pou | pou | sea slug (sea cucumber) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pue ~ puea ~ puedia | pue ~ puea ~ puedia | Vtr | serve out | ||||||
TTU | Torau | puia ~ puidia | púia ~ puidia | blow (anything) | (flute, fire, anything) | [‘blasen’ RS] [‘blows - flute’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | Puini | Puini | name of clan k.o. long-necked bird on beach | |||||||
TTU | Torau | puku | puku | my grandparent | (see puna) (irregular form; nowadays people say pugu like they say liagu but it should be puku) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pukuii | pùkuií | small bivalve shell (in shell photo) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pu-na | púna | grandparent, husbands parent, grandmothers brother | (includes ‘father’s father, father’s mother, mother’s father, mother’s mother, husband’s father, husband’s mother, father’s mother’s brother, mother’s mother’s brother’) (no pugu – puku) | [Cms] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | puputu | puputu | k.o. large tree grows only on the seashore, has a nut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | purai | púrai | long head (k.o. turtle) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | puraka ~ purakia ~ purakadia | púraka ~ purákia ~ puràkadía | break s.th. by squeezing it | tomato magu purakia | ||||||
TTU | Torau | purii | puríi | Vitr | fart | Bioku ma puríi | |||||
TTU | Torau | puru | puru | comb | [‘Kamm’ (1<sup>st</sup> [‘u’ has macron) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | purupuru | purupuru | flower (generic) | (now use flaua) (some informants gave purupu – check form) | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pusaka | púsaka | soft | (see pa’apusakia)(ma pusaka, na pusaka) | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | pusaka-la ~ pusakadia | pùsakála ~ pùsakadía | very soft | na pusakala, *ma pusakala | pùsakála goreaika | |||||
TTU | Torau | pusi | pusi | cat | puzi[‘Katze’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | pusisi | pusisi | coconut scraper (seat) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | pusu | pusu | be rotten, stink (of wood) | (na really seems to be a copula with ADJ) | [AS] | au ma pusu ‘tree is rotten’; na pusu | ||||
TTU | Torau | puusaka | púusaka | be soft | (golo ma pusaka) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rae | rae | ?? | Are sama-sama ma raeelala episa sanaa waini modela aewatina apu. 'This rod must be three and a half meters long.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rae ~ rae-a ~ raedia | ráe ~ ráea ~ ràedía | take | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rae-la | ráela | point, headland, face of person, forehead | (not just *rae when headland or point) | [‘forehead’ AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | raenimate | ràenimáte | take to die | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rai | rái | afternoon, evening (1 pm until dark) | (check not rai) | [‘raai [‘afternoon’ AH] [rái [‘Abend’ RS] [rái [‘evening’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | raini | raini | belongings | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rakaraka | rakaraka | rubbish | (original term; being replaced by pipia, which is pidgin) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rami | rami | grass skirt | (*ramiu, *ramidi etc.; much laughter when tested) | aguna rami | |||||
TTU | Torau | ramutu | rámutu | V | uproot, pull any plant up from the ground including the root | [lamutu [‘Wurzel’ RB] | |||||
TTU | Torau | rapi | rápi | arrow | [‘bow (for arrows)’ M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rarabaka | ràrabáka | be washed up | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rarama | rarama | clear, clean | (synonym for kataka; every kataka eg. can substitute rarama) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | raramara | ràramára | light (as opp. dark) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rarare | rárare | daylight, daybreak | (see rare) | [‘Tag’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | raratou-na | ráratóuna | clan | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rare | rare | daytime, daylight, middle of day (11-12ish) | (see rarare) | [‘day, light’ AS] | ráre áwa sálato ‘it’s still light (in afternoon)’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | rare | rare | ?? | TUN24 | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rarelai | rarelai | "its a must" | |||||||
TTU | Torau | raremai | raremai | always, every day | |||||||
TTU | Torau | raro | ráro | widow, widower | [‘widow’ M] [‘Witwer, Witwe’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rasu | rasu | hundred | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ratu | rátu | totem clan | (see notes) | [‘Totem’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | ratupauna | ràtupaúna | clan chief, chosen by clan members, may be gotten rid of | |||||||
TTU | Torau | raurau | raurau | grab with hands in talon-like motion (sand or s.th.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | raurau | ráuráu | turtle – hawksbill leather back turtle | |||||||
TTU | Torau | raurautusiduka | raúraútúsidúka | a large raptor (eagle?) | raurotsiduka [‘eagle’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rausu | rausu | be finished | ide siamela ‘one cup’ ma rausu ‘it’s finished’ (i.e. ‘run out of in store) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rea | réa | belt | [‘Gürtel’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | regeesi-a ~ regeesi-dia | regeesia ~ regeesidia | tear (anything) | [‘tear (paper)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rerewawana | rérewáwana | hammerhead shark | |||||||
TTU | Torau | reri | reri | be ready | |||||||
TTU | Torau | resu | résu | Vitr | tear, break through | (see taregese) | [‘zerrissen’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | resu-a ~ resu-dia | résua ~ resudia | tear | [‘hat zerrissen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | reβato | réβato | a graceful dance, no longer performed | (dito revato) (not N) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | riko | riko | generic for small bevalves (excluding clams) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | riko | ríko | bivalve (gen.), but not clams when the meat is in (though empty then the shell is riko) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | roae | róae | be lost | [roai [‘wild’ RS] | aguna torch ma roai ‘my torch is lost’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | roa-la | roala | wifes father, wifes mother, wifes sister, wifes sisters husband, daughters husband (male or female speaking), sisters husband (male or female speaking), | (see aine-gu, ala-gu) | [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | roe | róe | leaf | roe sounds disyllabic | [RS] [roë RB] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | roe-bario | roebario | k.o. grasshopper (looks like green leaf) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | roe-la | róela | leaf of | roe sounds disyllabic | [‘leaf’ AH] [roila [‘tree leaf’ M] [‘leaf’; [‘palm’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | roeroe | roeroe | leaves (pl.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | roe-roe pepeaka | róeróe pépeáka | green also k.o. fish | [róe-róe pepéaka AH] [róeróe pepéaka AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | roga | roga | nest (of bird, ant), web (of spider) | (default – ‘bird’s nest’) (see gaue) | [AS] | marii ena roga ‘bird’s nest’ kakapiro ena roga 'spider's web' | ||||
TTU | Torau | roo | róo | Vitr | fly (of bird, insect, not plane) | [‘fly (of bird)’ [AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | rooroaru | rooroaru | brown | |||||||
TTU | Torau | roroani-na | roroánina | wing | (syn. of baela) (no *roanina) | [AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | roroaru ~ roroauru | ròroáru ~ roroauru | V | flood | (atee ta roroaru) | ena ate ma roroaru; ate ta roroaru ‘the river flooded and is still flood’; ate ma roroaru ‘it’s flooding now’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | rorogoro | rorógoro | feel cold (of body only) | (no *rogoro) | [ro’rongoro RS] [AS] | magu rorógoro ‘I feel cold.’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | rorosa | rorósa | walk about in the small bush nearby, e.g. to find coconut) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | roroβana | roroβana | PNLOC | a Torau-speaking village | (site of data collection by M and AH) | [AH] [RoruanaM] | ||||
TTU | Torau | roroβana | roroβana | PNLOC | Rorovana village, including amata geesi (Rorovana 1) and sivilnai (Rorovana 2) (largest speaking Torau village) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | roβoroβo | roβoroβo | flying fish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | rua-la | ruála | neck | rúagu | [M] [AH] [‘Hals’ RS] [rualla ‘Hals’ RB] [rua-u AS] | ruagu ma asora 'My neck is painful.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | ruara | rùára | long, brown snake with diamond shaped head | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ruata-la | ruatala | vein | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rukat-i-a ~ rukata-dia | rukatia ~ rukatadia | take off (clothes, knapsack, anything on body) | [‘lösen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ruma | rúma | house | [M] [AH] [RS] [numah RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ruma-ni lotu | rumani lotu | N | church | ||||||
rupe | ‘leave (Vtr)’ | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | rupe-a ~ rupe-dia | rupea ~ rupedia | leave s.th. | magu muna ‘I hid s.th.’; magu munidia ‘I hid pl.s.th.’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rurusa | rúrusa | fall (of multiple small things off or out of s.th. one by one, leaves off tree, sand brushed off clothes, salt from shaker, sugar from jar, hair falling off head when cut, etc.) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ruti | ruti | be selfish/greedy | (ma ruti, na ruti) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | rutiina | rutíina | V | be very selfish or greedy about s.th. | (3SGAPPL) | mane ma rutíina 'greedy about money' | ||||
TTU | Torau | rutina | rutína | ADJ | very selfish or greedy | (3SGP) (*ma rútina, na rutina, ia rutidia, ruígu, rutimu etc. | [‘verbieten’ RS] | tioni ma ruti; tioni na rutina; *ma rutiruti; na rutiruti rutína gore aikala 'always greedy' |
|||
TTU | Torau | -sa | sa | SUBJ.AUX (base for POSTV SBJ) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -sa | sa | ?LMT | |||||||
TTU | Torau | saa | saa | what? | (see sai) | [AH] [na sa AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | saapa ~ saapadia | sáapa ~ sàapadía | Vtr | cut a living creature (person, animal etc) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saara ~ saaraia ~ saradia | sáara ~ sàaráia ~ saradía | Vtr | resemble | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saarapina ketapia | saarapina ketapia | Exclam. | a meaningless formula for ending legends | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sabani | sabáni | round flat sheet of metal over fire for cooking pisu on | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-da | sáda | POSSPRO | ours (inc) | occurs as possessive predicate or argument | Ita nida sada abani dapato ana. 'Here we usually eat our own.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | sa-di | sádi | POSSPRO | their | occurs as possessive predicate or argument | [‘das Ihrige’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | sae | sae | ascend, go up, get on (a boat, also car?) (means go up tree, stairs, from village to garden, from beach to K&Ms house, from sea to beach, from reef to open sea, if you are paddling and dont really know where to, etc) | (not sai) (-ou and sae not used for along the coast) | laosae ‘go from sea to beach’; osesae ‘paddle from reef to big sea, also if you are paddling and you don’t really know where’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | saea | saea | arrive | (see saia - check form) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sagasaga | ságasága | light (as opp. heavy) | [M] [AH] [‘leicht’ RS] | ma sagásaga; na sagasaga; *na sagasagana | |||||
TTU | Torau | sagi | sagi | Vtr | pull, also strum guitar, shake hands with someone | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sago | sago | Vtr | whip lower body (e.g. with stick or hand) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sago ~ sagoina ~ sagoidia | sago ~ sagoina ~ sagoidia | top can to get food out, coconut to free meat etc. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-gu | ságu | POSSPRO | mine | occurs as possessive predicate or argument | [‘das Meinige’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | sa-gu | sagu | 1SG.SBJ | [in Präsens p984 RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sai | sai | what | (see saa) | [‘was?’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | saia | sáia | arrive (at) | (see saea - check form) | [‘ankommen, erreichen’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | saiae | saiae | why? | saiai[‘warum?’ RS] | saiai tadi lauma 'Why did they come?' | |||||
TTU | Torau | sakaa | sakáa | be bad | (occurs with indefinite N) (*na saka, maka saka) | [‘schlecht’ RS] | ma asiri sakaiau 'He offended me/insulted me.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | sakaa-la | sakáala | bad | (occurs with definite N) | [sa’kaa-la [‘schlecht’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sakaani-na | sakáanina | something bad | (na sakaanina) ("a bad one" MM) | ['bad' sa’kaani-na AH] ['bad' sakáanina AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sakanina-la | sakaninala | bad | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sakesake | sakesake | ADV | quickly | Def. not V. Def. no *sake as V or ADV or anything else. | magu lao sakesake ‘I went quickly’, but *magu sakesake | ||||
TTU | Torau | sala | sala | black sea urchin with long spines | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sala | sala | [tu’isala ‘sein’ RS] | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sala | sala | sea urchin, long spined | (eaten, cooked by putting in the fire until black and inside cooked) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-la | sala | 3SG.SBJ | [in Präsens p984 RS] [tuisalato [‘(he) lives (in this village)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-la | sála | POSSPRO | his, hers, its | occurs as possessive predicate or argument | [‘das Seinige’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | salemu(ina) ~ salemuidia | salemu(ina) ~ salemuidia | Vtr | send | idai leta magu salemuina 'I sent one letter.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | sama | sama | V | fish tuna | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-mani | samani | 1PL.SBJ | [in Präsens p984 RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-mani | sámani | POSSPRO | ours (exc) | occurs as possessive predicate only | [‘das Unsrige’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | samasama | samasama | k.o. bamboo | |||||||
TTU | Torau | samoa | samóa | k.o. banana, for eating, originated in Samoa. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | samoai | sámoai | Barracuda, big fish in fish photo | malisa | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-mu | sámu | POSSPRO | yours (pl) | occurs as possessive predicate only | [‘das Eurige’ RS] | ena ruma nimu samu ‘this house is yours’ | |||
TTU | Torau | sanaa | sanaa | N | span (roughly a metre, a measure of length measured with the arm span) | (idai sanaa) | |||||
TTU | Torau | sanaia ~ sanadia | sanáia ~ sanadia | Vtr | measure s.th. | inau wakaasi magu sanaia 'measure multiple paces, or to the right measurement' | |||||
TTU | Torau | sanasana | sànasána | V | measure, esp. if building s.th. (canoe, house, etc.) | inau wakaasi magu sanasanaia 'measure multiple paces, or to the right measurement' | |||||
TTU | Torau | sande | sande | Sunday | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sanere | sanere | Saturday | (see satude) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sans | sans | chance | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sao ~ saoa ~ saodia | sao ~ sáoa ~ sàodía | Vitr,Vtr | gather, gather s.th, gather things together (in largish quantity) | bung | |||||
TTU | Torau | sapa | sapa | V | ?? | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sape | sape | floor | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sapu | sapu | Vtr | chase | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saramani | sàramáni | N | mat | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | saramani | sàramáni | N | pandanus | [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sasaga ~ sasaga-la | sasaga ~ saságala | be dry (of clothing, dishes, etc) | [AH] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sasago | sasago | tap seashell etc. to get meat out | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-sago | sasago | hit many things or many times | (not *saa~) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sasaini-na | sasainina | N | relatives | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sasau | sasau | wash (clothes, plates, sore, hand, head, etc. - but not people) | (see kikiu) (*sau) | [‘wash (a child)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sasau-a ~ sasau-dia | sasáua ~ sasaudia | wash it | (see kikiu) | [sasáoa RS] | domala ta sua patálo magu sasau ‘Today it rained so I wash’ (wash clothes, plates, etc., not self) | ||||
TTU | Torau | sasauru | sasauru | speak out | kirap nau | (*sauru) | |||||
TTU | Torau | satude | satude | Saturday | (see sanere) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-u | sau | 2SG.SBJ | [in Präsens p984 RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sa-u | sáu | yours (sg) | occurs as possessive predicate or argument | [‘das Deinige’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | saubele | sáubele | name of clan | (no meaning ?k.o.bird – check) (Cyril thinks has no meaning, except that sau = 'you') | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu | sáunu | ten | [M] [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-episa | saunuepisa | thirteen | [M] [saunu vaini episa = [‘ten and three’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-erua | saunuerua | twelve | [M] [saunu vaini erua = [‘ten and two’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-eβati | saunueβati | fourteen | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-idai | saunuidai | eleven | [M] [saunu vaini idai = [‘ten and one’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-itu | saunuitu | seventeen | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-nanu | saununanu | eighteen | [meant to be saunuanu?] [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-nima | saununima | fifteen | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-olomo | saunuolomo | sixteen | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saunu-sia | saunusia | nineteen | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saβaka | saβaka | k.o. wooden club | |||||||
TTU | Torau | saβiako | sáβiàko | cassava | (variant of savioko) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | saβioko | saβioko | cassava | (some people say saviako) | [saviako [‘Manihot’ RS] [‘tapioca’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sea | séa | who (sg)? | (see saialo) | [AH] [‘wer?’ (sg) RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | seadi | seadi | who (pl)? | saialo[‘wer?’ (pl) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sebele | sébele | s.th. inside, womans private parts | [‘Keule’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sek | sek | Vtr | check | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sele | sele | sail | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sese | sese | exactly (suffix to any number) | (in eruasese 'tupela stret' in Tapi samasama story) (no sese in isolation) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sia | sía | nine | [M] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sia | sía | small bird (stays near beach) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siaka | siáka | taro | [AH] [siak M] [‘si’aka RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siaka mit taro | siaka mit taro | taro with red and white flesh (”meat taro” ) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siamela ~ siamela | sìaméla ~ siámela | thing one something | siámeàla[‘Ding’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siapani | siapani | PNLOC | Japan | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sibi | sibi | charcoal | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sibi~sibi | síbi~síbi | black | (see pa’asibasibia) (no other meaning) | [M] [AH] [si’besi’bi RS] [AS] ['cloud' M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sida | sída | scallop | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sidekani-na | sidekanina | N | pointed leg | [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sideke | sideke | V | stand on tiptoe | (ma sideke) | [Pira] | ||||
TTU | Torau | sigara | sígara | commit adultery | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sigau | sigau | wild (of dogs only) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sigeesige | sigeesige | crayfish | [sigasiga [‘lobster’ M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sigineu | sigineu | myna bird sp. (yellow-faced myna) | (generic for mynas?) | [DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sii | síi | hot, as chilli in the mouth; sting, as in bee or solomon ant | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siko | siko | Vitr | be dirty | Bioku tua-la ma siko 'Bioku's hand is dirty.' *Bioku tuala na siko. *Bioku tuala siko. | |||||
TTU | Torau | siko~siko | siko~siko | N or ADJ? | dirty | [‘old, worn out (of basket)’; [‘dirty’ AS] | Bioku tua-la na siko~siko 'Bioku's hand is dirty.' *Bioku tuala ma siko~siko. *Bioku tuala siko~siko. | ||||
TTU | Torau | siko-podoi | sikopodoi | N or ADJ? | have dirt on it | Bioku tua-la na siko-podoi. 'Bioku's hand has dirt on it.' *Bioku tuala ma siko-podoi. | |||||
TTU | Torau | sikuna | sikuna | ship | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sikusiku- | sikusiku | no independent meaning - only in sikusikupau place of many stones | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sikutu | sikutu | starling sp. (brown-winged starling) | (identified by DH plate 217) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sinagi | sínagi | trochus shell | lalai | [‘pearlshell’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sinaβa | sináβa | lightning | [M] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sinaβa-guru | sinaβaguru | lightning and thunder together | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sino | sino | k.o. palm (used to split trunk out and make floors) (relative of betel palm) | [‘wooden club’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sio-a ~ sio-dia | síóa ~ siodia | steal | [‘stehlen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siopa | siópa | bowels?, intestines | [‘Eingeweide’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siorena | siorena | PNLOC | Siorena | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sipereto | sipereto | bird sp. (brown fantail) | (identified by DH plate 183) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sipo ~ sipo-a ~ sipo-dia | sipo ~ sipóa ~ sipodia | pick up, pick, collect | [‘finden’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sipo-sae-a | siposaea | picks up (anything) | [‘picks up (fallen coconuts)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siri | síri | marlin, sailfish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siri | siri | walkabout | *sisiri | ma siri 'Hem i wokabaut tasol.' KNB025 OL242 SUG021 | |||||
TTU | Torau | siri | siri | travel by canoe, car, plane, ship, not by foot etc. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siria | síria | mudcrab | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siri-a | siria | accompany, come next to | (ma siriau) | Joe inau ma siriau 'Joe came second to me (in a race).' Joe isina Michael inau disiriau 'Joe and Michael accompanied me (walking, in business, etc.' |
|||||
TTU | Torau | sirika | sirika | either water from kaburu (green drinking coconut) or old word for kaburu (TP kulau) itself | [Pira] | iala magu unui ‘I smoked the fish’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | sirikia | sìrikía | N + V | high tide | ma sìrikía ‘It’s high tide.’ sìrikía ma gési ‘The high tide is big. (ie. the tide is very high)’ | [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | sirisiri | sirisiri | traditional ceremony, as per menarche or anything else | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sirisirika | sirisirika | red | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siroake | siroake | betel limepot | siroak[M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siroru | siroru | starling sp. (singing starling) | (identified by DH plates 213-214) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sirua | sírua | stick or s.th. for picking teeth or cleaning ear | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sisidoki | sìsidóki | squat | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sisimu | sisimu | sandfly | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sisiokokoleu | sisiokokoleu | bird sp. (imitator goshawk) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sisiri | sisiri | ADV | all the way to | ma sobii sisiri Ketapia/Loloho malo lao 'He walked all the way to Ketapia/Loloho.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | sisiβala | sìsiβala | N | prayer to ancestors or gods | (see ariautupi) | |||||
TTU | Torau | siukare | síukàre | sore on finger or toenail | (*kare) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siu-na | síuna | fingernail, toenail (only human) | [‘fingernail, toenail’ M] [‘claw’ AH] [‘fingernail’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siβala ~ sisiaβala | siβala ~ sisiaβala | sacrifice, offering | [‘Opfer’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | siβana ~ siβaladia | siβana ~ siβaladia | Vtr | pray to ancestor or god also sacrifice to, make sacrifice to ancestors | (*siva) | |||||
TTU | Torau | siβilnai | siβìlnái | Torau name for Rorovana 2 (no other meaning) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | siβu | siβu | abandoned village site | |||||||
TTU | Torau | soarani ketapia | soarani ketapia | Exclam. | a meaningless formula for ending legends, legends should only be told at night, not during the day, but if they are told during the day you must say this formula at the end or you will get lost in the bush | ||||||
TTU | Torau | soare | soare | infertile (usually only of woman) | (ta soare; na soare; *ma soare) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sobii | sobii | walk | [M] | magu sobii atikiai ‘I walked slowly’; sobii sai ‘walk up (hill, or from village to house of K+ M)’; kae sobii sai rumai ‘I’m going to go up to the house’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | sobii-ou | sobiiou | go down | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sodi | sodi | N | every time | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sodi ~ sodi-a ~ sodi-dia | sodi ~ sodía ~ sodidia | V | count | [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sola | sola | be pregnant (euphemism in front of small children) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sola | sola | take | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sola-ia(-ma) ~ sola-dia | soláia(ma) ~ soladia | bring, get | [soleiem M] [‘bringen’ RS] | soladiama 'bring them all' soladiala | |||||
TTU | Torau | sola-pa-i ~ sola-pa-dia | solapai ~ solapadia | take away | [‘take’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | solo | solo | salt | [AS] | lao biskit palo kaisia waini solo waini suka ‘go get biskit plus salt plus sugar’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | solomon | solomon | PNLOC | Solomons | ||||||
TTU | Torau | solu~solu | solu~solu | skinim | (see solua, goia) | odelo ma solua ‘masturbate’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | solua | solua | masturbate | skinim | (see goia, solusolu) (no female equivalent for masturbate according to Joe – maybe women know some word) | odeu goia ‘skinim kok bilong you’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | soma | soma | intensifier | boni atoro soma ‘good night’ ‘Gud naet tru’; di ódoro soma ‘They (those things) are very true’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | soma | soma | Vitr | be finished | ta-di soma 'It is finished.' WWII061 | |||||
TTU | Torau | someala | sòmeála | k.o. fish, porcupine fish | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sonera | sónera | k.o. edible shell, like kodóbi but smaller | (variant of soŋera) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | soŋera | sóŋera | k.o. edible shell, like kodóbi but smaller | (variant of sonera) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sopasopa | sòpasópa | pandanus, not used as umbrella (but you wear it, as Mauku is in photo) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sope ~ sopea ~ sopedia | sope ~ sopea ~ sopedia | Vtr | uncover (pot, food with cover, open book | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sopiti-na | sopítina | birds tail but usually coccyx of person | (see kune-la) | [AH]’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | soree | sorée | dance with panpipes | sóre [‘dance’ AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | soro | soro | N | ?? | WWII001 | |||||
TTU | Torau | soso | soso | middle | |||||||
soso | pick your way through between narrow areas, branches or fronds of treepalm, buildings, parts of river or swamp' | ||||||||||
TTU | Torau | sosoboni | sósobòni | big night | (also boni geesi) | sósobòngi[‘Mitternacht’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sosola | sosola | N | inside | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sosopeni | sosopeni | saucepan | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sou | sou | egret sp. (reef egret) | (generic for egrets?) | [DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | stati | stati | V | start | ||||||
TTU | Torau | su | su | dive | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sua | súa | N + V | rain | (see apoh/opoh) ma súa ‘It’s raining.’ sù-suá-sa-la ‘It’s raining.’ súa ma kákalo ‘The rain is strong.’ | [M] [AH] [RS] [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | sudaka | sudaka | soil | [‘mud’ M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | sugi | súgi | green lizard in tree (big) (green monster) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | sui | súi | rainbow runner | |||||||
TTU | Torau | su-ia ~ sudia | súia ~ sudia | submerge, sink | [‘eintauchen’, [‘habe untergetaucht’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | suka | suka | sugar | lao biskit palo kaisia waini solo waini suka ‘go get biskit plus salt plus sugar’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | suke | suke | bird sp. (purple swamphen) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | suma-la | sumála | bone | (also na suma ‘he is tough’) | [M] [AH] [RS] [‘skull’; [‘bone’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | sunala | sunala | N | some | (*suna) | |||||
TTU | Torau | suru ~ suruia ~ suruidia | suru ~ suruia ~ suruidia | have on lap | (irregular paradigm - details in grammar) | magu suruio 'have you on my lap' | |||||
TTU | Torau | susu | susu | breast | [M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | susu-na | susúna | breast | [AH] [‘weibliche Brust’ RS] [‘Brust (weibl.)’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | suu | súu | be submerged | (not sink) (see utupu) | [‘bin untergetaucht, untergesunken’ RS] | ma suu 'He dived down.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | suuru | suuru | soup, water collection in canoe or boat | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ta | ta | PRF.3SGS | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ta | ta | PRF | (“Ta is past tense, like yesterday” Mauku); (ta soare) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | taa ~ taaia ~ taadia | taa ~ táaia ~ tàadía | Vitr, Vtr | lean, lean on s.th. | (magu taa 'I'm leaning') | siaai magu taa 'I'm leaning on the chair.'; sia magu taaia 'I'm leaning on the chair.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | taaba | taaba | come to shore | ma taaba | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tabe-a ~ tabe-dia | tabéa ~ tabedia | Vtr | answer, say yes, answer with anything except no, respond in conversation | (if they ask your name and you tell them that is tabe) | [‘antworten’ RS] | mu ka taatabe 'You didn't say yes'; 'You didn't answer (say anything)' | |||
TTU | Torau | tabebe | tabébe | be open | pìríi ma tabébe 'the door is open' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tabi | tabi | N | child (not baby) | (Pira also says taabi) (see barala) | [M] [AS] | idai taabi ‘one child’ | |||
TTU | Torau | tabi-ala | tabíala | N | boy (lit. child-man) | [AH] [tabialla [‘son’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tabi-baina | tabibaina | N | girl (lit. child-woman) | [AH] [‘daughter’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tabi-kiki | tabikíki | N | baby (lit. child-small) | [AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tabilu | tabílu | N | cone-shaped mortar for mashing banana, taro, cassava, for making pisu etc | (check range) | [‘Mörser’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | tabiru | tabiru | Vitr | turn around | [‘turn (himself around)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tabu | tabu | tabu | tambu | [‘heilig, verboten’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tada | tada | V | look up | (see tatada) (from field notebook, but elsewhere in fieldnotes *tada) | [Pira] | ||||
TTU | Torau | tae ~ taea ~ taedia | tae ~ taea ~ taedia | gesture or signal (with flag etc.) to attract attention | PMV magu taea arema akala. 'I flagged down a PMV and it stopped.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | taelai | taelai | there | (synchronically ita-elai?) | bebi taelai ma tuusae 'Baby is sitting on his pekpek.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | taemu | taemu | time | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tagaa | tagáa | N | k.o. banana, for cooking, long and fat | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tagara | tagara | V | float, drift | wakasi ma tagara ‘canoe is drifting’; wakasi di tatagara ‘many canoes are drifting’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | tage | tage | N | k.o. fish “big mouth” | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tagetageasita | tagetageasita | N | remora (or some such) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tagitagi | tágitági | N | k.o. clam in rock | ||||||
TTU | Torau | taitairi | taitáiri | N | womans net bag | [AH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | taiti | taiti | help | |||||||
TTU | Torau | taitia ~ taitidia | taitia ~ taitidia | help s.o. | taitai[M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ta-kaku | takaku | Vitr | break (inchoative) | See kaku. Not clear whether ta- synchronically productive, so may be synchroincally monomorphemic. | OL290 | ||||
TTU | Torau | takarau | tákaráu | Vitr | be rusty | daramu ta takarau 'the drum is rusty' | |||||
TTU | Torau | talaa | táláa | oil | tála[‘Öl’ RS] [talla [‘Öl’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | talai-la ~ talai-dia | talaila ~ talaidia | N | euphemism for male genitals | ||||||
TTU | Torau | talakia ~ talakadia | tálakìa ~ talakadia | Vtr | boil in a very large pot (boil a pot, not the food) | DO is cooking vessel, not food. Stress def. right. | |||||
TTU | Torau | talapala | tálapàla | N | easy thing | def. initial primary stress | |||||
TTU | Torau | tale | tale | Vitr | lean | ena metee na tale, ena metee ma tale | |||||
TTU | Torau | tamadi | támadi | provisions for journey, outing | [‘Proviant’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tamato | tamato | tomato | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tameau | tameau | k.o. fish, red emperor | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tana-la | tánala | ear | [tanada AH] [M] [RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tanama | tanama | outrigger boom | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tanatapi | tanatapi | disobedient be strong willed | bighed | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tanatia ~ tanatadia | tanátia ~ tanatadia | look for | [‘sorgen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tane-la | tánela | owner | [‘taanela [‘Eigentümer’ (sg) taanedia [‘Eigentümer’ (pl) RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tani- | tani | N | pair | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tani-apo-la | taniapola | two friends | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tani-atu-na | taniatuna | family | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tani-na-rua | taninarua | pair of two | [AH] [ni-mu a-mu tani-na-rua [‘you two’; ni-da ada taninarua [‘we two (exclusive)’ io a-di tani-na-rua [‘they two, them two’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tani-nia-la | taniniala | mother and daughter or son | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tani-pa-la | tanipala | father and son or daughter | [‘family’ Cms] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | taniri | taníri | mackerel | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tanisi ~ tanisi | tanísi ~ tánisi | cry | [tatanisi AS] [‘weinen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tanisi-a ~ tanisidia | tanísia ~ tanisidia | cry about s.th./s.o. | [‘beweinen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tanooa ~ tanoodia | tanooa ~ tanoodia | Vtr | sell | (no way of making THM D.O., only RECIP as I.O.) - not clear if this note refers to tanooa or tatanoo) | |||||
TTU | Torau | tanootanoo | tanootanoo | Vitr | sell | (*tanootanooa/dia) | |||||
TTU | Torau | tanotanooala | tánotàno.oála | N | store, market | lit. 'hap bilong baim samting' | |||||
TTU | Torau | taolo | taolo | ADV | also, again, still (general ADV) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | taona | taona | again | (*magu/mu taona) (not V) (must follow V - alotaona etc.) | [alotaona AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tapa | tapa | bark clothing (the snake tápa has a similar design) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tapa | tápa | short brown snake (fat, has similar design to tapa bark clothing) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tapeara | tápeára | V | break apart, as when a coconut breaks in half | see taposa | |||||
TTU | Torau | tapi ~ tapia ~ tapidia | tapi ~ tapia ~ tapidia | V | cut | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tapo | tápo | get into game, group, etc., chicken joining group | (see atapo) (must have animate SBJ) | Tibola goreai ma tapo 'Tibola went into the game' | |||||
TTU | Torau | tapodia | tápodía | combined with | (*ma tapodia - definitely not verb here) | golo tápodía siaka lagoo pisu kae aloa 'Banana combined with taro and I make pisu.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | tapogara | tapogara | Vitr | break (of bamboo only) | (“special word for way bamboo breaks” Mauku) | |||||
TTU | Torau | ta-posa | táposa | Vitr | crack, break without coming apart | see tapeara. | |||||
TTU | Torau | tara | tara | N | sake | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tara | tara | ?all | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tara | tára | war, battle | [‘Krieg’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tara-dia | taradia | fight them | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tarara | tarara | PNLOC | Tarara (Torau speaking village) | [a village identified by M as Torau speaking] | |||||
TTU | Torau | taratara | taratara | be numerous (of people) | tadi taratara 'They have/are many people (e.g., in family)' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ta-regese | taregese | be torn | (see resu-a) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tari | tári | k.o. banana (in red parrot photo) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tata | tata | brother | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tatabana ~ tatabana | tatábana ~ tátabána | flat and wide (eg.of path or river, not wide of eg. person) | [‘wide (of path)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tatada | tatáda | Vitr, N | dream | (see tada) | [RS] [AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | tatada-ia ~ tatada-dia | tatadaia ~ tatadadia | Vtr | dream about s.th. | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tatae | tatáe | N | shit, excrement | (*tae, but taela, *tataela) | [‘Kot’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | tatagara | tátagàra | Vitr | drift | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tatalaia ~ tatalai-dia | tatalaia ~ tatalaidia | Vtr | face s.th. or s.o. | *talai | |||||
TTU | Torau | tatamu | tatámu | feed (vitr) (of animal and also...) | [‘speisen (intr.)’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tatanoo | tatanoo | Vitr | sell | (no way of making THM D.O., only RECIP as I.O.) - not clear if this note refers to tanooa or tatanoo) | bia ma tatanoo | ||||
TTU | Torau | tatau | tatáu | follow | (magu tatau-a magu tatau-dia *tatau TR only) |
||||||
TTU | Torau | tataua ~ tataudia | tatáua ~ tataudia | follow s.o. | [‘folgen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tatauola | tatauola | I'll follow you later | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tato- | tato | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | tau | táu | k.o. stones (used in ground oven) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tauna | táuna | road, path | [AH] [RS] [AS] | tauna ma tavidoko | |||||
TTU | Torau | taurasa | taurasa | Vitr | shatter, “smash like glass” a wave breaking | (must result in many pieces spreading out) | [Pira] | ||||
TTU | Torau | tausau | táusau | be careful | (ma táusau) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tautauala | taùtaúala | stone oven | place bilong mekim mumu | [tautauuola M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tautauu | tàutáuu | V + N | cook in ground oven; ground oven | mumu | (/tau.tau.u/) | ||||
TTU | Torau | tauu | táuu | máti ma táu ‘The low tide is dry reef. (ie. the tide is very low)’ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | taβala | taβala | ADV | without purpose | (not a V – no *di tavala etc.) | di tuu tavala 'oli stop waiting' | ||||
TTU | Torau | taβidoko | táβidoko | slippery | [‘glatt’ RS] | ma tavidoko; tauna ma tavidoko | |||||
TTU | Torau | te- | te | PRF | |||||||
TTU | Torau | teaβi | teáβi | wilderness big forest uncut forest | [teávui [‘Wildnis’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tebolo | tébolo | table | oro gito ‘has pubic hair’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tede~tede | téde~tède | slave | [‘Zögling’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tede-a | tedéa | feed, support, keep | [‘füttern, ernähren, erziehen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tegese | tégese | stand, start to leave | [AH] [‘tengese [‘aufstehen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tegesei | tegeséi | stand | [tegesei AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | teleaipau | teleaipau | stone axe | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tepa | tepa | shape or carve canoe, paddle, anything | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tepaa | tepaa | sago palm | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tepunu | tépúnu | coconut husk | [‘Kokonusshülse’ RS] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tere | tere | Vdtr | give | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tere~tere | tére~tere | generous | [‘freigebig’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tere-a | térea | give | [‘tereia M] [tere-au [‘give me’ AH] [‘geben’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | teretereatae | teretereatae | N | teacher | lit. 'man bilong givim save' | |||||
TTU | Torau | tete | téte | steps, stairs, ladder | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tetepa | tetépa | V | carve canoe | Not RD: *tepa | |||||
TTU | Torau | teβeri | teβeri | credit | teveri kalo atoa, teveri kalo atodia 'I will go and repay' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tia-la | tiála | belly, inside | [M] [AH] [RS] [RB] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tiarama | tiárama | lagoon (going inside the land behind coast), channel into large body of sea water maybe kilometers from coast, with sea fish etc. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tia-saka | tiasaka | Vitr | feel bad (lit. inside-be.bad) | TH038 | |||||
TTU | Torau | tibikosi | tibikosi | room (in house) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tibo- | tibo | self (reflexive base) | wanpis | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tibo-la | tibóla | himself | [ti’bola ma ari tuga [‘er liebt sich selbst’ RS] | tibola ma arialoni | |||||
TTU | Torau | tiŋtiŋ | tiŋtiŋ | N | thought | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tio- | tio | person | bound root occurring in compounds | tio papoarina ‘incompetent man’; | |||||
TTU | Torau | tio-a-ma~mate | tioama~mate | sorcerer also poison, etc. | (see tioni na a-ma-mate) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tio-gesi | tíogési | big man, chief | (short for tíonìgési ‘elders, clan leaders, chiefs, etc.’) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tioni | tióni | person | (often for ‘man’ instead of ala, but, if unsure of sex then tioni – really is ‘person’) (PL=anua) | [AH] [‘Mensch’, [‘Mann’ RS] [tion [‘Mensch’, tione [‘Mann’ RB] | idai tioni ‘one person’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | tioni gesi | tíonì gési | elders, clan leaders, chiefs, etc. | ine bario adina tiogeesi ‘You are a big man/chief of Bario clan’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tioni na a-ma~mate | tioni na ama~mate | sorcerer also poisoner, etc. | [tsiuninamamate M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tio-sikuna | tiosikuna | foreigner, or s.o. who goes outside to work (even if only Raboul) or whiteman | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tiritiria | tiritiria | seabird sp. (common tern) | (generic for terns?) | [DH] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tiro | tiro | look at | aritiro ‘look at self (in mirror, shadow, etc.)’; mato aritiro ela ‘he was looking at himself’; ine lo ari tiro galasai ‘go and look at yourself in the mirror’ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tiro~tiro | tiro~tiro | look | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tita | tita | N + Vtr | caulk also paste (made from a nut), name of nut and tree | (same as dit? In Kokota) | |||||
TTU | Torau | to | to | now? present tense? | enclitic | [AH] [in Präsens p984 RS] [tuisalato [‘(he) lives (in this village)’ AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -to | to | past tense | magu ua kae mausu atoro... ‘I wanted to sleep...’ (but after must state ‘because’, ‘but’...) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toa | toa | be alive, grow (of plant) | ma toa ‘It’s alive.’ | [‘grow (of plant)’ AS] | ma tóa ‘it’s alive' | ||||
TTU | Torau | toa | toa | bird sp. (marbled frogmouth) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toala | toala | living (not dead), growing, be alive, grow, be grown | (see na toala) (na toala 'it's alive' - it's NOM, *ma toala, ma toa 'it's alive/growing', *na toadia etc.) | [na toala AS] | na toala | ||||
TTU | Torau | tobea ~ tobedia | tobea ~ tobedia | dig s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | toburu | toburu | Vitr | grow | matoburu [‘tree seed’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tode-a ~ tode-dia | todéa ~ tòdedía | force or encourage s.o. to do s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | todo-a ~ todo-dia | todoa ~ tododia | burn | toroa[M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toiasa | tóiasa | midday late morning | (a sub part of moderare) | [‘Mittag’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | toio | toio | there | (“not itoio but similar meaning” Pira) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toke ~ toke-a ~ toke-dia | toke ~ tokéa ~ tokedia | argue | [‘ausschelten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toki-a ~ toki-dia | tokia ~ tokidia | peck (eat like a chicken) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tola | tóla | white ants (termites) (like mangoe tree) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tole | tóle | black (ripe) galip nut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tolou | tolou | eel (river only) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tomeka | tómeka | k.o. banana, for cooking | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tomonu | tomonu | k.o. plant, yellow, used as herb for medicine and cooking | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tomotomonu | tòmotomónu | yellow | (tomonu=k.o. plant - is yellow) | [AH] [tomotamonM] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tooru-na | tooruna | egg | tóru-na[AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toputopu(da) | toputopu(da) | heart | |||||||
TTU | Torau | torara | tórara | k.o. banana - for eating, short, fat, yummy | |||||||
TTU | Torau | torasa | torása | housepost | |||||||
TTU | Torau | torau | torau | PN | name of tribe, place in Buin named after tribe | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tori-a ~ toriidia | toria ~ toriidia | Vtr | see (anywhere) | (see toru, toruia) | |||||
TTU | Torau | toriamate | tòriamáte | lamentation or threnody (???), song or cry for dead person | |||||||
TTU | Torau | torien | torien | betel spatula | (uncofirmed in field) | [M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | Torokina | Torokina | PNLOC | Torokina | ||||||
TTU | Torau | torore | torore | round brown sweet potato, k.o. koteuko (in red parrot photo) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | toru | toru | shine (of sun) | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toru | toru | Vitr | look, look for | (see toria, toruia) | [‘see’ AH] [‘sehen’ RS] [‘see’ AS] | nunu lo toruia ‘look at’; nunugu magu toruia ‘I looked at my picture’ | |||
TTU | Torau | toru-ia ~ toru-idia | torúia ~ toruidia | Vappl | look at | (see toria, toru) | [‘see’ AH] [‘sehen’ RS] [‘see’ AS] | nunu lo toruia ‘look at’; nunugu magu toruia ‘I looked at my picture’ | |||
TTU | Torau | toru-na | toruna | face | |||||||
TTU | Torau | toru-na atoro | tóruna atoro | good face | [‘schön’ RS] | toruna na atorola ‘his face his beautiful’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | totobe | totobe | Vitr | dig | (RED tobe) (definitely not also Vtr) | [‘dig (ground for planting)’ AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | totu | totu | (V) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tou | tou | dugong | [M] [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tou | tóu | sugar cane | (see tio amamate) | [M] [AH] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | touotouopodoi | touotouopodoi | ?have gap (?) | (see Medaa isina Maromagara story) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | toβo | toβo | N | space, time (as in do s.th., space in time) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | trinde | trinde | Wednesday | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tu~tu | tu~tu | V | ?live | Tioloni asa inau isi-gu tu~tu=sa-mani. 'Only T. lives with me.' inau itoio tu~tu=sa-gu. 'I live there.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | tuala | túala | stick for mashing in tabilu | tábilu tuala 'hand bilong tabilu' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tua-la | túala | arm, hand | [peetáluala AH] [RS] [tuaguraus M] [‘Hand; Unterarm?, Oberarm?, Rechte Hand?, Linke Hand?’ RB] [‘hand’; [‘finger’ AS] | tuá-la | |||||
TTU | Torau | tuani tabilu | tuani tabilu | pounder – “arm bilong tabilu” | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tuari-na | tuarína | old (objects only, not people) | [AH] [tu’ari-la RS] [‘old (of house)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tube | tube | cloud | [‘Wolken’ RB] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tudu | tudu | V | look down | [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tudu | tudu | bow down | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tuga ~ tuga-ia ~ tuga-dia | tuga ~ tugáia ~ tugadia | respect, admire | [‘lieben’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tu-i | tui | live, reside | [tuisalato [‘(he) lives (in this village)’ AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tuiama | túiama | slit drum | [túioma [‘Trommel’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tuitui | tuítui | boundary, border, limit between plantations or gardens (but the marks of the border, not just knowing where it is) | [‘Grenze’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tukia ~ tukidia | tukia ~ tukidia | punch | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tuku | tuku | Vtr | speak | magu tuku 'I said…' | |||||
TTU | Torau | tuku-a ~ tuku-dia | tukúa ~ tukudia | say s.th.; tukudia also gossip about s.th. | dukúa[‘sagen (inquit)’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tukuru | túkuru | k.o. banana, for cooking, hard | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tumakalo | tumákalo | small flying ant that comes out when it rains | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tumenu | tumenu | parrot sp. (eclectus parrot - female (red) only) | (identified by DH plate 130. male (green) is karogu) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tunde | tunde | Tuesday | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tunu | tunu | burn | roe magu tunudia, roe magu tunu | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tunu | túnu | swamp, body of stagnant non-flowing water | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tunus-i-a ~ tunusu-dia | tunúsia ~ tunusudia | point at | [‘zeigen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tupa | tupa | feed (s.th.) (animals and babies only) | (*ma tupatupa) | ma tupa 'He feeds (s.th.)' | |||||
TTU | Torau | tupaia ~ tupadia | tupaia ~ tupadia | feed it | ma tupaia 'He feeds it.' | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tupatupa | tupatupa | pet (bird, dog, cat, etc.) | adi tupatupa kukuku na tupatupa 'A bird is a pet.' |
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TTU | Torau | turabana | turábana | God of sea | masalai | (not PN) (see lánièlo) (see ariautupi) | |||||
TTU | Torau | turarema | turarema | "every time" ie. all the time | |||||||
TTU | Torau | turu | turu | Vitr | land | ||||||
TTU | Torau | turu-na ~ turu-dia | turuna ~ turudia | tree sap | [M] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | tutunaina | tutunaina | push s.th. | |||||||
TTU | Torau | tuu | túu | V | sit also stay, live, be at | [AH] [‘sitzen, sich setzen’, [‘habe mich hingesetzt’ RS] [tu-u [‘stand’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | tuu | tuu | N | life | sindaun (bilong) | |||||
TTU | Torau | tuuru | tuuru | get out of truck, canoe, ship, not house, tree, ladder, not towards shore | |||||||
tuutuu | tuu~tuu | V | live | Tioloni asa inau isi-gu tu~tu=sa-mani. 'Only T. lives with me.' inau itoio tu~tu=sa-gu. 'I live there.' | |||||||
TTU | Torau | u | u | 2SG.SBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | u | u | 2SG.POSS | (see -o) | [-o RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -u | u | 2SG.SBJ | |||||||
TTU | Torau | -u | u | DIR | down | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ua | ua | say, want to, do | máua [‘says’ AH] | a-la ma-to elai ua-ai=sa-la ‘The older brother was still doing that.’ TS059 | |||||
TTU | Torau | ua | ua | ?spread wings (Vtr) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uaga | uaga | thin (esp. of baby) | tadi uaga, na uaga; *uagala | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uaita | uaita | white man | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uaka | uaka | work | [AS] | inau waka nalo fo kiloko kae asoma ‘I will finish work at 4 o’clock’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | uala | uala | fruit | [M] [áuua-la [‘seed’ AH] [áuuala [‘seed’ AS] | au ua-la ‘tree fruit’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | ualu | u.álu | vegetable | kumul | (def. ualu) (see uaualu) | [‘Gemüse’ RS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | uara | uara | Vitr | be unwilling, be lazy | les | (elicit this and wara(la) for /w/ v. /u/ phonemes) | magu uara ‘mi les’ | |||
TTU | Torau | uare | uare | tell | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uarea | wárea | say, tell | (def. /w/, not v orB) | várea[‘sagen, mitteilen’ RS] [lagukaiwario [‘tell’ M] | |||||
TTU | Torau | uasai-a ~ uasai-dia | uasaia ~ uasaidia | Vtr | lift up | *vasaia. *uasai. Nothing to do with uasaiai 'because' | |||||
TTU | Torau | uasaiai | uasaiai | SBD | because | see 'kasi'. *vasaiai | |||||
TTU | Torau | uaualu | u.á.u.alu | pick vegetables | (see ualu) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ubeu | ubeu | cave | [‘Höhle’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ubo | ubo | stuck in mud/sand, bogged | [‘(stone) stuks’ [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | udaa | udáa | fire | (‘fire’ is udaa because 2ndsyllable stress [Pira]) | [M] [AH] [ũ’daRS] [RB] [AS] | uda a-tia ‘make fire’; uda ma gau ‘the fire became alight’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | udi | údi | ripe | mau | (banana in back of photo of cook house) | [udī [‘weichreif’ RS] [‘ripe (of banana)’ AS] | ||||
TTU | Torau | ui | ú.i | yam | def not *uui | [M] [AH] [RS] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | uikutia ~ uikutudia | uikutia ~ uikutudia | squeeze coconut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uka | úka | fall (of fruit, man, plane, anything) | [‘fall down’ AH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uka~uka | uka~uka | epidemic | |||||||
TTU | Torau | ukara | ukara | prawn | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uka-u | ukau | fall (fruit, from tree) fall down | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uma | uma | olsem | |||||||
TTU | Torau | umadiri | ùmadíri | k.o. mamau but big | |||||||
TTU | Torau | umado | umado | olsem | (see omado, omano, umado – variant pronunciations, different speakers have different forms) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | umana | umana | olsem | |||||||
TTU | Torau | umano | umano | olsem | (see omano, omado, umado – variant pronunciations, different speakers have different forms) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | unasa | unasa | V + N | fat (corpulent) | (ma unasa, na unasa) | |||||
TTU | Torau | unasala goreaika | unasala goreaika | very fat | hemi fat tumas | (no unasala on its own) | unasala goreaika 'He is very fat.', unasagu goreaika 'I am very fat.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | unau | únau | come down from mountains (people, animals) | [‘flüchten’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | unaumasa | ùnaúmasa | be swollen | ((ma) ùnaúmasa) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uni-na | unína | skin, bark, foreskin | [‘unina [‘bark’, u’nina [‘skin’ AH] [RS] [M] [unina [‘Haut’, ulina [‘Rinde’ RB] [‘bark’ únina AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | unu | unu | Vtr | smoke | ||||||
TTU | Torau | unu | unu | N | k.o. tightly woven basket or bag of woven pandanus for carrying food, especially from gardens, basket used for disposing of ashes and bones in pre-Christian burial ceremony | (see ariautupi) | |||||
TTU | Torau | unu~unu | unu~unu | to smoke s.th. | (see unui) | [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | unu-i | unui | to smoke s.th. | (see unuunu) | [Pira] | |||||
TTU | Torau | -uou | uou | descend | (see -ou – check) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | ura | ura | betel pepper, ”mustard” seed pod used to dip in lime and chew with betel nut, daka, areca nut | ‘mustard’ Mauku | [‘betel pepper’ [M] [AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | uraroela | uraroela | areca leaf chewed with betel nut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uriawa | uriawa | dolphin (small kind) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | urita | úrita | octopus | [AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uruau | uruau | pigeon sp. (pale mountain-pigeon; red-knobbed imperial-pigeon) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uruuruku | k.o. clam | ||||||||
TTU | Torau | uruuruku | úruúruku ~ úruurúku | k.o. clam in rock | MM pronounced it carefully as úruúruku and spelled it, but quickly she pronounced it /ùrurúku/ | ||||||
TTU | Torau | usu | úsu | mountain | [M] [‘uusu AH] [RS] [AS] | úsu geesi ‘big mountain’, úsu kiki ‘small mountain’ | |||||
TTU | Torau | utukulu | utúkulu | N | stick, walking stick, staff | [‘Stock’ RS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | utupu | utúpu | drown, sink | [‘ertrinken’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | uua | úu.a | ADV | in that direction | Used in ITR verb complexes. See uuai. Def not V; verb complex internal ADV | arawa mato soo~sobii uua=e-la; Ketapia ma oseuua 'He paddled in the direction of Ketapia (not necessarily to Ketapia).' Ketapia ma sobiiiuua 'He walked in the direction of Ketapia.' | ||||
TTU | Torau | uua | uua | bear fruit | |||||||
TTU | Torau | uuai | uu.ai | ADV | in that direction | Used in TR verb complexes regardless of position in complex. See uua. Def not V; verb complex internal ADV | |||||
TTU | Torau | uuara | úuàra | k.o. crab (with "thumb spots" on shell) | (Martin has shell in his house.) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wagaena | wagaena | [e ma wagaena lelea 'He laughs a lot.' AH173] | |||||||
TTU | Torau | wagini | wagíni | medicine, bush medicine, herbs, poison, etc. | vagíni[‘Arznei’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wago | wágo | whistle | vágo[‘pfeifen’ RS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wan | wan | one | (TP) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wari | wári | Vitr | worry | (magu wari) (minimal pair with wari 'stingray') | |||||
TTU | Torau | wasaia | wasaia | ?because | (see awasaiai) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wawaga | wawaga | ????? | ST007 | ||||||
TTU | Torau | weuweu | weuweu | V | bark (of dog) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wido | wido | bird sp. (black and white monarch) | (identified by DH plate 87) (plate 188); | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wiliwilia | wiliwilia | bird sp. (white-bellied cuckoo-shrike) | [DH] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wina | wina | post in centre of dance | |||||||
TTU | Torau | windoa | windoa | window | |||||||
TTU | Torau | wiwiloni | wiwiloni | bird sp. (whimbrel) “Christmas bird” (walks on beach) | (identified by DH plate 72) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | wiwito | wiwíto | star, firefly | (def. /w/, not v orB) | vivíto[AH] [M] [RS] [RB] [wiwitoAS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | wole | wole | cut back, trim grass (small area) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | wuini | wuini | win (Vitr) | (see wini) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βagasa | βagasa | N | trap | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βaini | βaini | waini | CONJ | plus | lao biskit palo kaisia waini solo waini suka ‘go get biskit plus salt plus sugar’ | ||||
TTU | Torau | βakaasi | βakáasi | canoe (dugout with outrigger), k.o. tree for making canoes | (the only ones they have are dugouts with outrigger, so no other) (both MM and RP say double 'a') | vakási[ha’kasiEinbaum RS] [wakasi AS] | |||||
TTU | Torau | βakaroe | βakaroe | husbands sister | RP has heard it, as vakaroe | [bakaroe Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | βakatata | βakatata | term of address for older sibling of same sex (man or woman) in respect or sorrow | (old word - occasionally heard) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βara | βára | sprouting coconut (with spongy matter inside) | (elicit this and uara for /w/ v. /u/ phonemes) | [‘stick’ várala AH] [‘stick’ várala AS] | na warala | ||||
TTU | Torau | βarala | βárala | the spongy matter inside a sprouting coconut | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βare | βare | ware | Vtr | tell | |||||
TTU | Torau | βarena-la | βarenala | fathers sister, mothers brothers wife, neice/nephew of same | (not mother's sister) (reciprocal term) | varena-la[Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | βari | βári | stingray | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βariola | βariola | I'll tell you, I'll let you know | M + K | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βariolo | βariolo | sons wifes parents, daughters husbands parents | CT knows it - used in old days - unclear as to meaning | [Cms] | |||||
TTU | Torau | βaromagara | βàromagára | large bird (dives for fish) | (variation of màromagára) | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βaropo | βáropo | new moon (fingernail) (start of month) | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βasikiri | βasikiri | PNLOC | name of the mountain on the headland overlooking the village | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βatoro | βatoro | cycad | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βaβoi | βáβoi | shark | vávoi[wawoi M] [‘Haifisch’ RS] [wawoi AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βese | βése | Vtr | swear by s.th. | kae vése paka esanala inau magu kaaloa 'I swear by the name of my father that I didn't do that.' | |||||
TTU | Torau | βesena | βeséna | Vappl | swear that s.th. | veséna[‘verachten’ RS] | kae veséna… ' swear that…' Kuresu esanalai kae veséna 'I swear on Kuresu's name.' Kuresu esanalai ve~vesenai sagu 'I'm swearing on Kuresu's name.' |
||||
TTU | Torau | βesena | βeséna | N | word used in place of tabu in laws name | (the verb 'swear by' used as a name) | |||||
TTU | Torau | βeβeu-a ~ βeβeu-dia | βeβeua ~ βeβeudia | Vtr | be killing | ?literally? MM's comments seem to suggest so. No *weu(a) | KE195A | kaukau mate ta weweuama 'Dog hem i filim dai' 'Dog hem wok long dai.' | |||
TTU | Torau | βiki | βiki | week | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βikutani | βikutani | cloth for squeezing grated coconut, term used in Rorovana | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βini | βini | conch shell | vuini[wuini wini?AS] | ||||||
TTU | Torau | βini | βini | Vitr | win | (see wuini) | |||||
TTU | Torau | βirakeru | βìrakéru | shrine, altar, sacred area - a tambu area with a body of water, each clan has one, its a source of clan power; also name of altar for sacrifices and communion with mythological ancestors | (see ariautupi) | [Cyril] | |||||
TTU | Torau | βito | βito | Vito | Vito (Torau speaking village) | (identified by M as Torau speaking) | |||||
TTU | Torau | βoreu | βóreu | k.o. shell money, like mimisi but white | |||||||
TTU | Torau | βuru-na | βuruna | hair (anywhere on body) | (not leaf) (strictly wuru is not pubic and armpit hair, but now people use it) | vurú-na[AH] [wurug M] [‘vuru [‘Haar’ RS] [wuruna [‘Haar; Bart, kurzer’ RB] | |||||
TTU | Torau | βusiβusi | βusiβusi | whale | |||||||